fa بررسی آلودگی رواناب سطحی مناطق پر ترافیک شهر ملایر به عناصر آهن، سرب و کادمیم تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0in 0in 1pt; margin-left: 57px;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">امروزه افزایش سطوح غیرقابل نفوذ در شهرها به جاری شدن سیلاب و آلودگی رواناب منجر شده است. از این‌رو، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی آلودگی عناصر آهن، سرب و کادمیم در رواناب سطحی نقاط پر ترافیک شهر ملایر انجام یافت.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش‌ها :</span></span></b> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">در این پژوهش توصیفی- مقطعی، 15 نمونه&shy; رواناب سطحی از پنج ایستگاه منتخب در سطح شهر ملایر برداشت و به بطری&shy;های پلی&shy;اتیلنی منتقل شدند. به هر بطری چند قطره اسید نیتریک به&shy;منظور رساندن </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">pH</span><span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> نمونه</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">&shy;</span><span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها به 2 افزوده شد. بعد از طی مراحل آماده&shy;سازی آزمایشگاهی، غلظت عناصر در نمونه&shy;ها به&shy;روش </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">طیف‌سنج نشری پلاسمای جفت‌شده القایی</span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> خوانده شد. پردازش آماری داده&shy;ها نیز توسط نرم&shy;افزار&shy; </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">SPSS</span><span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> انجام یافت.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">یافته ها:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نتایج نشان داد که میانگین غلظت عناصر آهن،</span></span> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">سرب</span></span> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">کادمیم در</span></span> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نمونه&shy;ها</span></span> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">به&shy;ترتیب برابر با 220/0، 320/0 و 150/0 میکروگرم در لیتر بوده که برای عناصر سرب و کادمیم از رهنمود </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">WHO</span><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و برای عنصر کادمیم نیز از رهنمود سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست ایران برای تخلیه به منابع آب سطحی و پذیرنده بیش&shy;تر بوده است.</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نتیجه گیری:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">از آن&shy;جا که آلودگی رواناب به فلزات سنگین به&shy;ویژه بر اثر آلاینده&shy;های انتشاریافته از حمل و نقل می&shy;تواند منجر به تهدید منابع پذیرنده و به‌تبع آن بروز مخاطرات محیط‌زیستی و بهداشتی &shy;شود، لذا، نسبت به جمع&shy;آوری و تصفیه رواناب ناشی از نزولات جوی قبل از تخلیه به منابع پذیرنده توصیه می‌شود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:97%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:97%"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> &nbsp; <div style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 1pt 4pt; margin-left: 40px; margin-right: 57px;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span garamond="" lang="X-NONE" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Background and Objective</span></span></b><b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">:</span></span></b><b> </b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Nowadays, increases in the extent of impervious surfaces in urban areas causes contributed to flooding and runoff contamination. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess Fe, Pb and Cd concentrations in surface runoff samples collected from regions with high traffic intensity in city of Malayer, west of Iran.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:5.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Materials and Methods: </span></span></b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">In the current study, a total of 15 surface runoff samples were collected from five selected stations. The samples were filtered (0.45 &mu;m), stored in polyethylene bottles and were acidified at a pH lower than 2 by adding concentrated HNO₃in order to avoid metal adsorption onto the inner bottle walls. Element (Fe, Pb and Cd) concentrations were determined using ICP-OES (710-ES, Varian). All statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 20.0</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:6.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:5.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Results: </span></span></b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">The results showed that the mean concentrations of Fe, Pb and Cd in runoff samples were 0.220, 0.320 and 0.150 &micro;g/l, respectively. Comparing the mean concentrations of analyzed elements with maximum permissible concentration (MPC) established by WHO and Iran DOE indicated that the mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were found to be higher than WHO permissible limits. On the other hand, the mean concentration of Cd was higher than Iran DOE permissible limits.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:5.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Conclusion</span></span></b><b><span garamond="" lang="EN" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">: </span></span></b><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">The results indicated that surface runoff from regions with high traffic intensity in city of Malayer were polluted with Pb and Cd,</span></span> <span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">which could be threaten the surface water resources and health of citizens. Therefore, </span></span><span garamond="" lang="EN" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">periodic monitoring and consequently treatment of runoff from rainfall before entering to surface water resources is recommended.</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span garamond="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> رواناب سطحی, عناصر بالقوه سمی, طیف‌سنجی نشر اتمی, شدت ترافیک, ملایر Surface runoff, Potentially toxic elements, Atomic emission spectrometry, Traffic intensity, Malayer 513 524 http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-264-12&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mahboubeh Yazdanfar محبوبه یزدان فر 10031947532846008289 10031947532846008289 No M.Sc. in Environmental Science, Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران Soheil Sobhan Ardakani سهیل سبحان اردکانی s_sobhan@iauh.ac.ir 10031947532846008290 10031947532846008290 Yes Ph.D. in Environmental Science, Professor in Environmental Science, Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran استاد علوم محیط‌زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران Lima Tayebi لیما طیبی 10031947532846008291 10031947532846008291 No Ph.D. in Fisheries, Assistant Professor in Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, 3. Malayer University, Malayer, Iran