@article{ 
author = {Hosaini, Mohammad and Moradi, Rohallah and Safari, Gholam Hossai},  
title = {Efficiency Evaluation of Filtration with Fluidized Bed for Treatment of Secondary Effluents for Reuse}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Recently, deficient in atmospheric drop and discharges of wastewater effluents leads to serious threat for water resource. For that reason, for prevention of water source pollution and also reuse of wastewater effluents, treatment of such effluents seems to be necessary. Methods: In this work, fluidized bed reactor with a filter was used for treatment of effluents from Shahrak Gharb wastewater treatment plant. Various parameters such as BOD5, COD, TS, TP, TN and turbidity were analyzed. The aluminum sulfate was used as coagulant for enhance removal efficiency. Results: The results of present work demonstrate that present system had higher treatment potential for secondary effluents. The amount of BOD5, COD and TP in system effluents was reached to below 1.75, 3.23, 0.5 mg/L, respectively. No removal efficiency was observed for TN. In addition, the amount of turbidity in system effluent was reached to below 1.04 NTU. The system represents lower removal efficiency for TS. In addition, higher removal efficiency is in the range of 5 to 7.5 m/h and increasing of surface loading upon to 10 m/h will decreases the removal efficiency. Conclusion: On general, the system represents higher removal potential for treatment of secondary effluent for reuse application.},  
Keywords = {secondary effluents, reuse, fluidized reactor, filtration   },
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {1-10}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.1},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-23-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-23-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Norisepehr, Mohammad and Golbaz, Somayeh and Jarghi, Sah},  
title = {Comparision of Chitosan Function as Adsorbent for Nitrate Removal Using Synthetic Aqueous Solution and Drinking Water}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Nitrate and nitrite compounds pollution of groundwater resources in recent years which recently their mean concentration due to enhancement of different kind of municipal, industrial and agriculture waste water, were increased. The most common source of nitrates entering the water include chemical fertilizers and animal manure in agriculture, septic tank effluent, wastewater, wastewater treatment plants, animal and plant residue analysis on the ground of non-sanitary disposal of solid waste and the use of absorbing wells for sewage disposal. Materials and methods: This experimental study is applied to the nitrate removal using chitosan in laboratory scale at ambient temperature and the design of the system was Batch. Effects of parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration and adsorbent concentration of nitrate on nitrate removal from aqueous solution was studied. Results: Function of chitosan in synthetic aqueous solution and drinking water according to the slurry system results, the optimum condition was obtained at pH=4, 20 min contact time and increasing the initial concentration of nitrate enhance the adsorption capacity of chitosan. Also optimum dosage of adsorbent was obtained at 0.5 g/l. The data obtained from the experiments of adsorbent isotherm were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The Langmuir equation was found to be the best fitness with the experimental data (R2>0.93). Conclusion: Although efficiency of Nitrate removal in synthetic aqueous solution was better than drinking water, adsorption process using chitosan as an option for the design and selection nitrate removal should be considered in order to achieve environmental standards.},  
Keywords = {Chitosan, Nitrate, Adsorbtion, Isotherm, Drinking water},
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {11-19}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.11},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-24-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-24-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Norozi, Roghaieh and Zafarzade, Ali and Yolizade, Taher},  
title = {Survey on Microbial Quality of Drinking Water in City Maravehtapeh Villages and Comparison with National 
and WHO Standards}, 
abstract ={Background and Objectives: The objective of the study is survey on microbial quality of Maravehtapeh village in during September and October 1391, and its quality compared with national standards and WHO. Material and Methods: In this cross- sectional study, the water microbial quality in 90 villages have piped city-wide network based on two criteria were assessed total and fecal coliform. 3 samples from each village were sampled during three months. Samples were survey A nine-tube fermentation test s for coliform group. For chlorine residual of diethyl – p- phenylene diamine (DPD) colorimetric method was used. Results: In this paper, the results of date from 3 round of sampling and testing are presented. The results show that 83.64, 71.43 and 78.89% village with coverage and no coverage of Rural Waste Water Company and all maravehtapeh villages, respective, using safe water in terms of FC and 54.3, 36.37 and 43.34% village with coverage and no coverage of Rural Waste Water Company and all maravehtapeh villages, respective, using safe water in terms of TC. Conclusion: The results of this study express that the fecal contamination condition in under coverage village is good. But there is a bad condition in villages with no coverage of KRWWC. And the general microbial quality of drinking water in all Maravehtapeh villages of the World Health Organization and country Microbial Index is low.},  
Keywords = {Drinking water, Microbial Quality, coliform},
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {20-29}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.20},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-25-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-25-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Naseri, Simin and Monazzam, Mohammad Reza and Beheshti, Maisam and Saiyedi, Shoj},  
title = {Investigation of Vertical Microwave Publishing Caused by the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Antennas in Hashtgerd City}, 
abstract ={Background and Objectives: New Hazards interface the environment and human life along with technology development. One of these pollutants is electromagnetic field and it’s known and unknown bad effects on the environment, this study determines the vertical publishing (height measurement) of microwave antennas in the city of Hashtgerd. Methods: The basic information including the geographical location of the BTS antennas in the city, brand, the operator type, installation and its height was received from CRA and radio communications, and then the measuring was done by using the standard method of IEEE STD 95. 1 by the SPECTRAN 4060, and by using crane elevator in 17-meters height near the BTS antennas (15 meters).analysis were done by Spss16 and by Kolmogorov Smirnov test, multiple regression method. Results: Results show that in the both operators of Irancell and Hamrah-e-aval, density will increase by increasing measurement height or decreasing the vertical distance of broadcaster antenna. Regarding to the mix model test, a meaningful statistical relationship can be seen between measurement height and the density average in both types of the operators. Conclusion: while measuring height increased or in other words got closer to the antennas, density average increased in both operators, so the highest number was reported in the minimum vertical distance compared to the Irancell operator antenna was 25 mw/m2 and the lowest number was related to Hamrah-e-aval operator in the maximum vertical distance which was 0.02mw/m2. Thus, people stationed in the tall buildings parallel with installation height of antennas or in less vertical distance of them, are more exposed to the waves.},  
Keywords = {vertical measuring, microwave, Hashtgerd, BTS antennas},
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {30-36}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.30},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-26-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-26-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Niazi, Sadegh and Mazlomi, Sajad and Shirzad, Mohammad Reza and Mokamelkande, Adel and Ahmadi, Farh},  
title = {Survey the Outbreak of Giardiasis Among Food Supply and Distribution Staff of South Pars Economic Zone Petrochemicals}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Giardiasis is one of the parasitic infections in the gastrointestinal tract which caused by flagellate protozoa that called giardia and it causes diarrhea. Giardia cysts defecate from infected people. These cysts can enter the body through contaminated hands, water, and food products. Diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pains, growth failure, malabsorption of carbohydrates, fats and vitamins are the giardiasis symptoms. Methods: In this study, samples were taken from 203 people that were working in different food supply and distribution centers in the South Pars petrochemical. After sampling, samples were analyzed according to standard procedures. The results of examinations were studied after verification them by laboratory chief and their related physicians. Results: Out of the whole examined people in this study, kitchen (28%) and salad maker (14%) centers were the maximum and minimum population, respectively. 8.87% of the total populations were infected by giardia, which salad making center had the greatest share. As well as, the rate of infectious by giardia among the administrative and dishes washing centers was the lowest. Conclusion: Education level and personal hygiene such as hand washing with a detergent can be important in reducing infection due to giardia. So, the training of workers and also periodic testing of individuals can reduce these pollutants.},  
Keywords = {giardiasis, food product, production and distribution, personal hygiene, of South Pars economic zone },
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {37-43}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.37},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Foroghi, Maryam and Ebrahimi, Afshin and Esmaili, Hamze and Saeidi, Mahdi},  
title = {Humic Acid Adsorption Onto Iron Oxide Magnetic Nano Particles in Aquious Solution}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Humic Acid (HA) compounds affects water quality, such as color, taste and odor. The compounds not only react with disinfectants to produce disinfection by-products (DBPs) harmful to human health. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have a high adsorption capacity to adsorb to organic matter. In this study HA removal by IOMNPs was surveyed in aqueous solutions. Methods:  The effects of pH value, agitation rate, adsorbent dose, contact time and the adsorbate concentration on the adsorption efficiency were studied as critical parameters. In addition, effect of ionic strength on the adsorption process and effluent turbidity was surveyed. The MNPs was characterized by X-ray diffraction. Results: Results revealed that at HA concentration of 10 mg/L, pH 4.5, adsorbent dose of 2.7 g/l, agitation rate of 250 rpm and contact time of 90 min at presence of 0.1 M NaCl as an ionic strength agent, the HA removal reached to about 98%. Also, the turbidity of treated samples was increased with increasing of HA loading. On the other hand, increases of ionic strength resulting in increase of removal efficiency and decrees of effluent turbidity. Conclusion: With increasing HA concentration, adsorption capacity of MNPs was increased and HA removal efficiency was decreased. Increasing of ionic strength leads to increase of removal efficiency and decrease of nano particles release. MNPs are easily attracted to the magnetic field application leads to easy separation from aquatic environment.},  
Keywords = {Adsorption, Humic acid, Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles},
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {44-55}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.44},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Razavi, Marzieh and saeidi, Mohsen and Komasi, Mahdi},  
title = {Assessment of Electrocoagulation Method for Simultaneous Removal of Phosphate, Nitrate and COD by Fe Electrodes from Laundry Wastewater}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Discharging of wastewaters containing detergents either by manufacturers or through domestic and industrial usages has caused the incidence of serious environmental problems. Entering these materials in to the surface waters reduces the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water and causes unsightly environment and groundwater pollution that is always has been notified by environmental experts. Methods: This study focuses on the treatment of laundry wastewater containing phosphate, nitrate and COD using iron as sacrificial electrode by EC process. Various operating conditions such as pH (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9), distance between the electrode (3, 5, 10,15mm) and current density (3, 6,9,12 mA/cm2) were investigated. Results: Experimental results showed that pollutant removal efficiency varied by changing pH, distance between the electrodes and current density. According to the results, optimum operating conditions for the removal of phosphate, nitrate and COD, were current density of 12mA/cm2, pH of 7.0, distance between the electrodes equal to 10 mm with Fe electrodes. The removal efficiency of phosphate, nitrate and COD were showed 99.33%, 96.67% and 91.43%. Also Kinetic analysis indicates that the adsorption system obeys a second- order kinetic model. Conclusion: According to the results, the Fe electrodes have been achieved the high removal efficiency of phosphate, nitrate and COD by using electrocoagulation.},  
Keywords = {Electro-coagulation, Phosphate, Nitrate, COD },
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {56-66}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.56},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-29-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-29-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Alimohemadi, Mahmood and Dehghanifard, Emad and BodaghiMalidareh, Hajar},  
title = {A Survey of Microbial Contamination of the Ice Blocks in the Ice-Making Factories and Sales Centers Ghaemshahr}, 
abstract ={Backgrounds and Objectives: Ice contamination comes from different ways. Considering the importance of hygiene of ice the purpose of this study was to investigate microbial contamination of the ice-making factories and sales centers in Ghaemshahr. Materials and Methods: In this Cross - sectional study, 6 & 20 samples were collected randomly from 2 ice-making factory and sales centers. Six water samples were taken from the factory. They were then transferred to lab. Every ice sample was tested before and after washing with water. Then Total Coli forms and Escherichia coli were determined. Results: The results showed that water sample is without pollution. The sample of the ice-making unit A isn´t safe. Unit B isn´t. E.Coli contamination but has 2 cases of coliform contamination. The ice sale place has (before & after Washing with water) respectively 95% -80%  E.Coli contamination and 100% total coliform. Conclusion: There isn´t any relationship between water quality and microbial contamination .Sanitary conditions Unit A is better than B. Personal hygiene, work tools and Building had a positive effect in contamination of ice. The results suggest that more attention of health system to control and prevent microbial contamination of ice is necessary.},  
Keywords = {Microbial contamination, Ice blocks, Ghaemshahr},
volume = {1},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {67-74}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.1.67},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-30-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-30-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2013}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rezaei, Mohsen and Parastar, Saeid and Rahmani, Zahra and Vosoghi, Mahdi and Pooreshgh, Yosef},  
title = {Evaluation of Water Treatment Plant Performance of Parsabad City in Ardabil Province in Removal of Total Dissolved Solids, Turbidity Phosphate and Calcium}, 
abstract ={Background: The determination of influent and effluent water quality of water treatment plants is important to increase standards of water quality for users. Parsabad city situated in north of Ardabil province and is the biggest city of province Ardabil. So, this study was accomplished due to lack of substantial studies for Parsabad water treatment plant. In the study, some of the important parameters of water was investigated for 7 years and was presented solutions for improvement treatment plant performance. Methods: This study was accomplished since 1384 to 1390 and four parameters total dissolved solids, turbidity, phosphate and calcium with 192 samples (96 samples collected from treatment plant influent and 96 samples collected from effluent) were analyzed according to standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Results: Maximum removal performance of turbidity, total dissolved solids, phosphate and calcium were 99.8, 6.1, 92.67 and 28.45 respectively, during 7 years operation of treatment plant. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that Parsabad water treatment plant with having a rapid sand filter, enable to remove turbidity up 85% when maximum turbidity at treatment plant influent was 700 NTU. But, significant difference statistically was not observed between influent and effluent samples of total dissolved solids and calcium (Pvalue˃0.05) and removal performance were trivial for total dissolved solids and calcium. Also, this treatment plant has not good performance (mean %38) for phosphate removal.},  
Keywords = {Water physical and chemical parameters, water treatment plants effluents standards, annual and seasonal variation},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {75-83}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.75},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-31-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-31-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mazlomi, Sajad and Mahvi, Amir Hossain and Mamghaninegad, Mehran and Kamalzadeh, Mahmood and Daryaei, Ghodrat Allah and Khodayari, Mahdi},  
title = {Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Arak city Hospital
Wastewater on Sewage Network and Treatment Plant of Arak
City, (from Point of Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals)}, 
abstract ={Background: In this study quality and quantity characteristics wastewater of hospitals, clinics and health centers of Arak city and the potential impacts of them on Arak wastewater plant investigated. Methods: In this cross-sectional  study, which done during 2011-2012, the quantity and quality  of wastewater via point of COD,BOD5, pH, TKN, PO4and also heavy metals in the hospitals, clinics and health center of Arak were studied. Then, the effects of these pollutants as equal to person on wastewater convey system and wastewater treatment plant were assisted. Results: Monitoring of BOD5, TKN, and PO4 indicated that the daily disposal rate of these pollutants were equal 778.14, 102.7, and 53.6 kg/d, respectively, which equal to 15763, 51351, and 6700 person, respectively. The average water consumption of these centers was equal to 8.2l/s, and the estimated measure of produced wastewater was6.14 l/s. Also, after analysis the measure of heavy metals, Hg production (99.331 g/d) was more than other heavy metals, and the next rank was related to Zn (41.96 g/d) and Ag (41.96g/d), respectively. Conclusion: Although existence pretreatment process units can help to decrease the side effects of produced wastewater, this kind of wastewater needs complete treatment. Discharge of this kind wastewater to absorption trenches led to adverse health impacts in future. Therefore, a construction separate wastewater treatment plants and proper operation of these systems can reduce ecosystem impacts of wastewater discharges.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {84-92}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.84},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-32-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-32-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Kermani, Majid and Arfaeinia, Hossain and Nabizade, Ramin and Alimohammadi, Mahmood and Alamolhoda, Ali Asghar and Bahramiasl, Farshad and Shahsoni, Abbas},  
title = {Study on Concentration of Particulate Matter with Diameter Less than 10 Microns, Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Related to PM2.5 in the Ambient Air of Sina Hospital District}, 
abstract ={Background:In recent decades, extensive studies have shown a number of short and long-term health effects of particle matters. In addition to particle matters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals in airborne particles due to their mutagenic and carcinogenic properties are considered major air pollutants. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of PM2.5particulate, 7heavy metal concentrations and 13 PAHs compound associated with fine particles (PM2.5-boud PAHs) in the district of Sina hospital, Tehran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in air of Sina Hospital district in Tehran. Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were determined by gravimetric. Also heavy metal concentrations in samples after digestion were determined with ICP-AES instrument through injection. Then the PAHs compounds from each sample were extracted by ultrasonic method. After this step, extracted sample was injected for analysis by GC-MS and concentration of each compound was read. Results: The daily average concentration of PM2.5 during the study was 41.19 µg/m3.Concentration values for zinc, lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel and arsenic, were 92/69, 05/38, 2/18, 24/4, 19/4 and 34/1 ng/m3 respectively but mercury not found in this study. Average concentrations of PAHs compounds have been variable from0.07 ng/m3 for Chrysene to 1.21ng/m3 for Dibenzo(ah)anthracene. Conclusion: In this study, the daily average of PM2.5 concentrations was above the Iranian National PM, WHO (25 µg/m3) and EPA (35 µg/m3) standards established for PM2.5 particles. Heavy metal concentrations in this study were lower than values reported in previous studies in Tehran. The highest concentrations among PAHs compounds belonging toIndeo(cd 1,2,3)pyren, Dibenzo(ah) anthracene, Benzo (B) flouranthin and Benzo (K)flouranthin that all of these compounds are related to vehicle emissions.},  
Keywords = {Particulate Matters, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Heavy Metals, Tehran},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {93-103}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.93},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Samarghandi, Mohammad Reza and Rahmani, Ali Reza and Shokohi, Reza and Berizi, Zohre},  
title = {Performance Evaluation of Magnetite Nanoparticles Modified with Sodium Alginate for the Removal of Acid Red 18 Dye from Aqueous Solutions}, 
abstract ={Background: Azo dyes have many applications in various industries. In addition to Mutagenic and carcinogenic potential to humans, these materials cause the production of toxic byproducts in the aqueous solutions. In this study, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized with modified sodium alginate. Then their efficiencies in absorbing Acid Red 18 dye were investigated. Methods: First, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method and then modified magnetite nanoparticles were evaluated as an adsorbent for Acid Red 18 dye adsorption. TGA test was used for proving modified magnetite nanoparticles coating. The effects of pH, contact time, nanoparticles and Acid Red 18 dye concentrations were studied. Residual concentration of Acid Red 18 dye was read using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 508 nm. Data was explained by the Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich models. Results: In optimal conditions of operation including pH = 5, contact time =30 minutes, adsorbent dose 0/2gr/l and the initial concentration of Acid Red 18 dye= 50 mg/l, removal efficiency of the process was obtained over 95 %. These studies also showed that Acid Red 18 absorption pattern has more conformity with the Freundlich model. Conclusion: The results showed that sodium alginate is a convenient and inexpensive coating for magnetite nanoparticles; also it has high efficiency to absorb dye Acid Red 18 in a short time.},  
Keywords = {Magnetite nanoparticles, sodium alginate, Acid Red 18 dye, adsorption isotherm},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {104-114}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.104},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-34-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-34-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Azari, Ali and RezaeiKalantary, Roshanak and Mahvi, Amir Hossein and Naseri, Simin and Esrafili, Ali and Dehghanifard, Em},  
title = {Synthesis and Characterize of Zeolite- Zero Valent Iron/ Silver
Nanocomposite (Z-Fe0
/Ag) for Removal Fluoride in Aqueous
Solutions (Study of Isotherms, Kinetics and Thermodynamics)}, 
abstract ={Background: Fluoride is a pollutant that entered to the environment through Glass, Fertilizer and Semiconductor Material industries and cause problems such as Alzheimer's and brain injuries. Adsorption with using inexpensive materials like zeolite is the best options to remove this pollutant. The main problem of absorption method is its low speed. So the aim of present study is investigated the effect of Fe0/Ag nanoparticles as catalyst in performance of zeolite for removal of fluoride. Methods: In this study were used reduction method for converting Fe2+ to Fe0 and co-precipitation method for coating of Fe0 on Zeolite. For depositing silver on nano zero valent iron the rapid mixing along with the high temperature were used. Absorbent characteristics were analyzed with using SEM, TEM and XRD techniques. Then effect of pH, contact time, stirring speed, temperature, amount of adsorbent and Fluoride concentration were evaluated and optimized. Results: pH=3, 60 min contact time, 200 rpm stirring speed and adsorbent concentration equal to 10g/l were obtained as the optimum conditions for Fluoride removal. Investigating the isotherms and kinetics relationships showed that the experimental data correlate to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model (R2>0.991) and pseudo-second order kinetics (R2>0.933). The reaction thermodynamic study also expressed that process is endothermic and non-spontaneous Conclusion: According on the obtained results can be stated This Absorbent has appropriate efficiency in fluoride removal, But the catalytic properties of zero valent iron and silver was rejected in relation to removal this contaminants.},  
Keywords = {Fluoride, adsorption, zeolite, bimetallic nanocomposites, nano zero valent iron/
Silver.},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {115-129}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.115},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-35-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-35-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Salehi, Ali and Dehghanifard, Emad and Alimohammadi, Mahmoo},  
title = {Evaluation of Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcus Aureus Contamination in Lighvan Cheese on Retail Stores}, 
abstract ={Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive, non-sporulated, lack of capsule, immovable, aerobic and anaerobic and able to tolerate high levels of salt (up to 15 percent). Therefore, foods containing salt provides an ideal environment for bacterial growth. It is also one of the most important bacterial born of spoilable food products, especially in dairy products. Lighvan traditional cheese is consumed in many regions of Iran, especially consumption of these cheeses is very high in Tehran which in the manufacture of such cheeses, the unpasteurized and raw milk is used and the sanitary conditions during processing and subsequent storage are low. So, considering the importance of this issue in the release of poisoning, the coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus contamination in Lighvan cheese on Retail Stores was evaluated. Materials and Methods: In order to perform this study, 22 samples of traditional Lighvan cheese were collected randomly from Tehran stores and according to Iran national standards and by using of bird-parker, Cook Meat cultures and coagulase test were evaluated. Results: Total of 22 samples, 14 samples (63/6%) were contaminated by S. aureus over standard and 5 (22/7%) were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus coagulase positive. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that sanitary conditions should be observed during the production and Use of pasteurized milk in cheese production.},  
Keywords = { Lighvan cheese, S.aureus, Culture medium, Tehran},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {130-136}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.130},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-36-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-36-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Alimohammadi, Mahmood and Askari, Masoomeh and Aminizadeh, Sasan and Dehghanifard, Emad and Rezazadeh, Mehrnoosh},  
title = {Evaluation of Microbial Quality of Bottled Water in Iran}, 
abstract ={Background: Because of population growth, limited access to fresh water resources, the need to use bottled water, controlling microbial quality of  bottled water is important. Materials and Methods: Microbiological quality of 24 brands of bottled water available in the town markets of Iran was studied Random. Samples were collected in summer and autumn, 2012. In each season, we collected two samples for each brand. In order to analyze Total coliforms, E-Coli, and HPC, MPN and Plate Count Methods were used. Data analysis was processed by SPSS software. Results: Total coliforms were 2 MPN/100CC in two brands S18 and S20. Increased HPC levels were also observed in all brands. pH level of 6% from bottled waters were higher than the standard. Average of turbidity was 0.232 and 0.228 at the autumn and summer, respectively. Conclusion: the heterotrophic microorganisms were present in 100% of the samples. Total coliforms were also found in 12% of the samples. None of the samples contained E-Coli.},  
Keywords = {Total coliforms, Heterotrophic Bacteria, Plate count},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {137-145}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.137},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-37-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-37-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Nourozi, Roghaye and Azizian, Saee},  
title = {Arsenic (V) Removal from Aqueous Solution by Produced Iron and Detect Isoterms and Kinetic Adsorption}, 
abstract ={Background: Zero-valent iron can control the sites contaminated Arsenic (V) used. The aim of this research is Arsenic (V) removal from aqueous solutions using of iron powder and detect isoterms and kinetic adsorption. Methods: The experiment in batch system with change effective parameters such as pH, initial concentration of Arsenate, iron powder dosage and equilibration time was evaluated. In this work, the obtained data then analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data with pseudo- first order, pseudo- second order and modified pseudo- first order models were fitted. Results: The results showed that pH of the solution plays an important role in control of the surface charge of the adsorbent. The higher removal efficiency was observed for Arsenate in acidic environment (pH=3). The Arsenate removal efficiency by increasing adsorbent dosage and decreasing initial concentration of Arsenate increased. Absorption of Arsenate ions onto adsorbent is associated with Langmuir model (r2=0.99) . The kinetics of Arsenic absorption with the model pseudo-second order (r2 =0.99) better described. Conclusion: The results showed the iron powder is an effective, quick and cheap method for removal of Arsenic (V) from aqueous solution.},  
Keywords = {Arsenic (V), iron powder, aqueous solution},
volume = {1},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {146-156}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.2.146},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-38-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-38-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {AliJamali1, Hamzeh and Dindarloo, Kavoos and Farrokhi, Mehr},  
title = {Optimization of Chlorination Process for Mature Leachate Disinfection Using Response Surface Methodology}, 
abstract ={Background: leachate from landfill contains high level of microbial pathogens which is considered as one of the most important threats for the environment. One of the common and simple methods for water and wastewater disinfection is chlorination, but it rarely has been used for leachate disinfection. The objective of this study was evaluating the efficiency of chlorine for leachate disinfection and optimization of the effect of concentration and contact time on the death of total and fecal coliforms, as a microbial contamination index. Methods: In this descriptive-analysis study, microbial indices monitoring in leachates initiated from landfill of Qazvin city were conducted for one year. After pre-tests, the range of chlorine concentration and contact time on the inactivation of microbial indices were determined. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to optimize chlorine concentration and contact time parameters effect on microbial inactivation. 13 runs of tests were performed on samples. Tests were included BOD, COD, total and fecal coliforms. All analytical experiments were according to the standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Results: Results of the study showed that microbial indices had relatively high sensitivity to inactivation by chlorination, which in the chlorine concentration of 2 mg/L and contact time of 9 min, and chlorine concentration of 0.5 mg/L and contact time of 12 min, 100% of total and fecal coliforms inactivated, respectively. The RSM method was used for analysis of bacterial inactivation. Analyses showed that in contact time of 9.4 min and chlorine concentration of 2.99 mg/L, the inactivation efficiency of total and fecal coliforms were 89.16% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Chlorine could be used for leachate disinfection. However, in high concentrations of organic matter in leachates, due to production potential of chlorination by-products, health and environmental consideration must be considered in choosing chlorine as a disinfectant.},  
Keywords = {Leachate, Disinfection, Chlorination, Response Surface Methodology, Modeling},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {157-170}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.157},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-73-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-73-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mosleh, Leila and Hashemi, Seyed Hossein and Khoshbakht, Korous and DeihimFard, Reza and Shahbazi, Afsane},  
title = {Comparison of the Performance of Poly Aluminum Chloride with Natural Co-coagulants in Removal of Turbidity from synthetic aqueous solution}, 
abstract ={Background: Contaminated water, naturally or by human, should be processed to become drinking water. Coagulation is a process that fine unsettling particles which called colloids and are important factors in the turbidity occurrence, join together and settle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and comparison of the performance of poly aluminum chloride accompany with corn starch and okra, as a co-coagulant agent, to remove turbidity from water. Methods: This research was descriptive-functional study. In this study, the effect of two natural co-coagulant agents, corn starch and okra, with poly aluminum chloride were evaluated and R and SAS software were used in order to experimental design and data analysis. Also, after the analysis of variance, LSD test was used to compare treatment averages. Results: In the initial turbidity of 250 NTU, poly aluminum chloride and corn starch (5 ppm and 0.7 ppm, respectively), the highest percentage of turbidity removal was observed which could reduce the turbidity up to 98.48% and reached at 3.73 NTU. Moreover, in the initial turbidity of 500 NTU, maximum turbidity reduction related to poly aluminum chloride and okra (5 ppm and 0.7 ppm, respectively) which reduced the turbidity up to 98.38% and reached at 8.1 NTU. Conclusions: As an economic aspect, replacement of natural polymers with synthetic polymers which have higher costs is economic and also higher turbidity reduction may be observed in compare with using chemical coagulants, solely. In addition, chemical coagulants consumption reduces, however more researches must be conducted on residual natural co-coagulants and interactions between chemical and natural and also their health effects on consumers.},  
Keywords = {Corn starch, okra, PAC, Coagulation and flocculation, Turbidity removal. 

},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {171-179}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.171},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-74-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-74-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rahmani, Ali Reza and Mehralipour, Jamal and Shabanlo, Amir and Jahanbakhsh, Mostafa and Hosseini, Sepideh and Hosseini, Elham},  
title = {Performance Evaluation of Electro-Fenton Process (EFP) in Removal of Hexavalent Chromium in the Presence of Cyanide, as an Interfering Agent, from Synthetic Wastewaters}, 
abstract ={Background: Chromium (VI) is a hazardous pollutant that enters into the environment through different industrial wastewater. Therefore, Choice a suitable method for removal of the pollutant before discharging into the environment is necessary. The aim of this work was performance evaluation of Electro-Fenton process (EFP) in removal of hexavalent chromium in the presence of cyanide, as an interfering agent, from synthetic wastewaters. Methods: In this experimental study, a reactor with 1 L useful volume and 4 electrodes made ​​of iron was used. pH, initial concentration of  chromium (VI), voltage, hydrogen peroxide and cyanide concentration, as an interfering agent, were investigated in order to determine the process efficiency. Results: Results reveals that the considered parameters were affected on the efficiency of the process. In optimum condition, pH=3 and voltage=20 V, initial concentration=100 mg/L, concentration of hydrogen peroxide=50 mL/L the maximum efficiency was reached up to 97%. Cyanide Presence, in the same condition, reduced the efficiency under 50 % and also, the efficiency was decreased by changing the parameters level from optimum condition. Conclusion: Results indicate the proper efficiency of chromium (VI) by EFP process; however presence of other pollutants such as cyanide can cause efficiency decrease which must be considered in the process application.},  
Keywords = { Electro Fenton, Chromium, Cyanide, Interfering agent, Wastewater.

},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {180-191}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.180},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Zarrabi, Mansur and arami, Seyed Mohamm},  
title = {Investigation of Modified Pumice with HCl and NaOH for Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution}, 
abstract ={Background: Fluoride is an essential element for human health body, since in standard levels, it prevents the tooth decay. If fluoride concentration in drinking water exceeds from standard levels, it can leads to some diseases such as alzeimer syndrome, sterility, brittle bones, and thyroid disorder. So, removal of excess amounts of fluoride seems to be essential in order to health protection and prevention of the environment. Methods: In this work, modified pumice with HCl and NaOH were used for removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. Several experimental parameters including pH (2-10), temperature (20-60°C), adsorbent dosage (2-10 g/L), initial fluoride concentration (5-20 mg/L), and contact time were studied. All experiment were conducted in batch system by keeping constant one parameter and changing others. Results: Results showed that removal efficiency was increased with increase in contact time, initial fluoride concentration and adsorbent dosage. The maximum removal efficiency was observed at pH 6, 10 g/L adsorbent dosage, 20°C solution temperature, 90 min reaction time and 20 mg/L of fluoride concentration. Moreover, the maximum removal efficiency was observed by adsorbents modified with HCl. In general, results revealed that modified Pumice with HCL could remove 96% of fluoride at 90 min contact time, pH=6, 20°C and 20 mg/L of fluoride concentration. Conclusion: Results showed that pumice modified with HCl and NaOH had high capacity in removal of fluoride which the capacity was higher for pumice  modified with HCl.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {192-202}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.192},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Sadeghi, Hadi and BagheriArdebilian, Pari and Rostami, Roohallah and Poureshgh, Yusef and Fazlzadeh, Mehdi},  
title = {Biological and Physicochemical Quality of Thermal Spring Pools, with Emphasis on Staphylococcus Aureus: Sarein Tourist Town, Ardabil}, 
abstract ={Background: This study aimed at evaluating the water quality of thermal spring of Sarein in the province of Ardabil, with emphasis on bacteria S. aureus as one of the organisms involved in skin and eye infections, in the first half of 2011. Methods: In this study, 85 composite samples were collected from all thermal spring pools of Sarein during May to September 2011; in the peak number of swimmers. The concentration of free residual chlorine, temperature, pH, turbidity, H2S, ORP, DO and EC were measured in-situ in the sampling sites by portable devices. Total and fecal Coliforms, Staphilococcus aurous, fecal Streptococci and HPC tests were done according to the Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater. Results: Data showed that the maximum contamination of total coliforms were occurred in August (MPN/100=309.82), fecal Coliforms in July (MPN/100=69.59), minimum contamination of samples were related to fecal streptococci in August and September, peak of HPC in September with 4774.12 cfu/mL, and Staphylococcus aureus with 1149.35 cfu/100mL in August were recorded. Results of averages comparing showed no significant difference between the months of sampling and contamination with bacteria S. aureus. Conclusion: Data showed that 3.53%, 9.41%, 84.71%, and 81.18% of samples were contaminated to total Coliform, fecal Coliform, HPC and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively which were higher than standard limits that it was an alarm for the occurrence of skin diseases and infections to swimmers.},  
Keywords = {Thermal springs, Swimming pools, Quality indices, Staphylococcus aureus.},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {203-215}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.203},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Noroozi, Roghaye and MohammadHadi, Mohammad Hadi and Zafarzadeh, Ali and Salehi, Leili and Abasi, Zib},  
title = {Assessment of Microbial Contamination of Surfaces and Medical Equipment in Wards of the Panjom Azar Hospital of Gorgan in 2014}, 
abstract ={Methods: In this cross-sectional study, different wards of panjom Azar educational hospital including ICU, dialysis and surgery room were investigated. Samples were collected randomly, for three months from July to September 2014, from beds, oxygen masks, oxygen manometer, patient table, covers of the patient's medical records, nurse's desk, border walls and water tap.  Samples were then cultured on blood agar and EMB agar. In order to determine the bacteria type, specific culture media with specific biochemical tests and diagnostic disks were used. Results: Results showed that from 216 samples collected from the levels, the 190 cases (88%) had microbial contamination. Most of the recognized bacteria were Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter and klebsiela. Results of microbial culture of equipments and levels were positive in case of bacterial contamination and maximum contamination was observed in the dialysis ward of the hospital. Conclusion: Due to the relatively high detected contamination, contamination control of levels and patient care equipments could considered as an effective action in reducing nosocomial infections. Thus, using appropriate disinfectant equipment, monitoring the disinfectants preparation, continuous monitoring and detection of common microorganisms are the most important ways for infection control in hospitals.},  
Keywords = {Nosocomial infections, Microbial contamination, Ward hospital, Hospital equipments},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {216-224}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.216},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Noorisepehr, Mohammad and Omidvari, Manoochehr and Tahmasebi, Sim},  
title = {Evaluation of the Effectiveness of ISO14001 on Hospital Wastes Management Using AHP in Tehran Hospitals}, 
abstract ={Background: Lack of enough supervision, wrong and partial planning in the part of hospital residuals management cause high volume of production from variety of residuals which controlling them impose high costs to every society. In order to improve hospital wastes management, implementing a system of environmental management like ISO14001 can improve the environmental performance of organization and introduce the ways of solving problems to managers. The main objective of this study was to identify and prioritize the effective factors in the implementation of ISO 14001 and the benefits of its implementation in hospitals of Tehran. Methods: In this study, after the identification of success factors and benefits of ISO 14001 implementation in hospitals of Tehran, the method of analytical hierarchy process is used in order to understand the importance and relative priority of these successful important factors and their benefits. Results: Results show that the most important successful factors, based on the importance, are management commitment, education and training, communications and community relations and documentation and control.  Also, the most important benefits, of ISO 14001 implementation, are cost reduction in waste management, increasing the awareness and commitment of staff, risk management practices improvement and work process and procedures improvement. Conclusion: Findings of the study indicate that which success factors of ISO 14001 requires more attention by managers and are in priority while implementing them.},  
Keywords = {ISO14001, Hospital wastes management, AHP.},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {225-235}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.225},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Malakootian, Mohammad and Javdan, Marzie and Iranmanesh, Farnaz},  
title = {Performance Evaluation of Semnan Active Bauxite Mine (Tash) in the Removal of Fluoride from Drinking Water: Case Study on Kuhbonan Water}, 
abstract ={Background: Although excess fluoride intake is detrimental for humans, but fluoride shortage may cause health problems. This study aimed on evaluation of removal of fluoride from aqueous solution using province Semnan (Tash) bauxite mine. Methods: The study was conducted in laboratory scale, from May to October 2013, on both synthetic and real water sample of Kuhbonan city in the Kerman environmental health engineering research center. The adsorbent was made from Bauxite obtained from Tash bauxite mine in Semnan province. Characterization of bauxite was studied by XRD and XRF. Synthetic samples contained fluoride were considered to determine the effect of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial fluoride concentration on the efficiency of fluoride removal. Experiments on real water samples were done based of optimized adsorption condition. The kinetics and isotherm of the adsorption process were evaluated in order to better understanding the adsorption process. Fluoride measurement was carried out by SPADNS method. Data analysis was done by Excel software. Results: The maximum removal efficiency of fluoride, in synthetic sample, was 68.2% which was obtained at pH=7, contact time of 120 minutes and absorbent amount of 25g/L. The efficiency for real water sample was 61.67%, in optimized condition. Fluoride adsorption was best fitted with the Langmuir sorption isotherm equation (R2=0.991) and the second order synthetic model (R2=0.985). Conclusion: Bauxite from Tash mine could be initially applied for fluoride removal from groundwater samples with the efficiency of 61.67% which could be used as a low-cost and effective adsorbent.},  
Keywords = {Adsorption isotherm, Adsorption kinetic, Fluoride, Tash mine Bauxite.},
volume = {1},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {236-246}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.3.236},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-80-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-80-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mosleh, Leila and SeyedHossein, Seyed Hossein and DeihimFard, Reza and Khoshbakht, Korous and Shahbazi, Afsane},  
title = {Comparison of the Performance of Corn Starch Coagulant Aid Accompany with Alum, Polyaluminum Chloride and Ferric Chloride Coagulants in Turbidity Removal from Water}, 
abstract ={Background: The most important process in water treatment plant is coagulation and flocculation. Regular chemical coagulant which used in Iran are aluminum sulfate (Alum) and ferric chloride. Chemical coagulants have hazardous effect on human health and their cost is high for developing country. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the comparison of chemical coagulants accompany with corn starch as a coagulant aid, for the turbidity removal from water. Methods: This study was accomplished in pilot-scale with synthetic turbid water using clay. In this research, initial turbidity of 250 and 500 NTU was experimented. Chemical coagulant dose during the experiment was 1, 2 and 5 ppm and natural coagulant dose was 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 ppm. Results: The results showed that maximum removal efficiency of turbidity in initial turbidity of 250 NTU belonged to poly aluminum chloride with 5 ppm dosage and corn starch with 0.7 ppm dosage which removed and reduced the initial turbidity to 98.48% and 3.73 NTU, respectively. Moreover, in initial turbidity of 500 NTU the maximum removal efficiency was 98.52% which belonged to ferric chloride and corn starch (5 and 0.7 ppm respectively) and reduced the initial turbidity to 7.4 NTU. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that using natural coagulant aid reduce the chemical coagulant consumption, and also does not have significant effect on pH range and reduce the health risks. While huge amount of required polyelectrolytes for water treatment plant imported to the country and the production of corn starch in our country is high, it is hope that the results of this project can be used in industrial scale.},  
Keywords = {Poly aluminum chloride, Alum, Ferric chloride, Corn starch, Coagulation and flocculation. 
},
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {248-258}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.248},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {SeidMohammadi, Abdolmotaleb and Asgari, Ghorban and Almasi, Halime},  
title = {Removal of 2,4 Di-Chlorophenol Using Persulfate Activated with Ultrasound from Aqueous Solutions}, 
abstract ={Background: Chlorophenols are an abundant class of xenobiotic compounds which is excessively available in industrial effluent which are resist to biological degradation and stable in the environment for exceptionally long periods of time. Therefore, the removal of 2,4 di-chlorophenol (2,4 DCP) from aqueous solutions is recommended due to its toxicity and health risks. Methods: In this study, the removal of 2,4 DCP using persulfate activated with ultrasonic waves in frequency of 40 kHz was studied. The effects of operational parameters such as pH of solution (3-10), initial concentration of 2,4 DCP (50- 100mg/L), the amount of persulfate concentration (1-5 mM) and different ionic strength in different contact time were investigated. Results: Results of the study indicated that the 2,4 DCP removal rate was influenced by operational parameters such as pH of solutions, persulfate concentration, contact time and initial concentration of 2,4 DCP and is not related to ionic strength in different amount. The optimal conditions were achieved in pH=3, persulfate concentration of 4 mM and initial concentration of 50mg/L of th organic matter which more than 95% of 2,4 DCP was removed in 60 min. Conclusion: The result of this study indicated that combined ultrasonic and persulfate process in optimal conditions, as a acceptable alternative, can be used as an alternative technology for treatment of various industrial wastewater contained 2,4 DCP.},  
Keywords = {Wastewater treatment, Aqueous solutions, Ultrasonic waves, Persulfate, 2,4 di-chlorophenol},
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {259-270}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.259},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-82-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-82-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Miri, Mohammad and Fallahzadeh, Reza Ali and Ghaneian, Mohammad Taghi and Gholami, Maryam and Mahdavifar, Rana and Shahriyari, Ali Rez},  
title = {The Efficiency of Residues of Rosa Damasena Powder in Removing Reactive Red 198 Dye from Synthetic Textile Effluent}, 
abstract ={Background: Reactive dyes have extensively been used in textile industries, the effluence of the waste containing such dyes into water resources can pose hazardous effects on the environment and to the human health because of their carcinogenic, mutagenic, allergenic and toxic nature. The present research was performed to study the efficiency of residues of Rosa Damasena powder in removing Reactive red 198 dye from aqueous solutions. Methods: In the present experimental study, effects of various operating parameters such as pH (4-10), initial concentration of dye (25 and 50 mg/L), contact time (15-180 mines) and adsorbent dosage (0.2-0.6 g/L) were investigated. Results: Result showed that maximum adsorption capacity of the residues of Rosa Damasena powder was 5.19 mg/g at pH 4, contact time of 120 min and adsorbent dosage of 0.4 g/L. Besides, the equilibrium data were also fitted into the Langmuir and Freundlich equilibrium isotherm models which the data better fitted with Freundlich (R2=0.913) model than Langmuir's (R2=0.825). Conclusion: According to results of the present study, it was found that residues of Rosa damasena powder has a high capacity to remove Reactive red 198 dye from aqueous solutions and textile industry wastewater.},  
Keywords = {Reactive red 198, Surface adsorption, Natural absorbent, residues of Rosa Damasena powder.},
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {271-280}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.271},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-83-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-83-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Atabi, Farideh and Jafarigol, Farzaneh and Momeni, Mahmoudreza and Salimian, Mohammad and Bahmannia, Gholamrez},  
title = {Dispersion Modeling of CO with AERMOD in South Pars fourth Gas Refinery}, 
abstract ={Background: Air quality modeling can be considered as a useful tool to predict air quality in future and determine the control strategies of emissions abatement. In this study, AERMOD dispersion model has been applied as a tool for the analysis of the values of CO emissions from the stacks and flares of South Pars fourth Gas Refinery located in Asaluyeh. Methods: First, the values of CO  emissions from the refinery's stacks and flares were investigated by measurement and using the emission factors in four seasons of 2013. Then, dispersion of pollutants was predicted by using the AERMOD model in the region with area of 10×10 km2  in each direction of x and y, in average times of 1, 3, 8, 24-hours and for the annual statistical period. Then the predicted and field measurement values in 9 receptors have been compared. Results: Statistical evaluation showed that the correlation coefficient values for CO were 0.85 in spring, 0.89 in summer, 0.96 in fall, and 0.95 in winter. The maximum concentration of CO was occurred in local scale of 10×10 km2. Conclusion: Comparison of maximum 1-hour and 8-hour concentrations of the predicted results with the national and international standards showed that CO concentration is higher than standard values. In total, according to the evaluation of the predictions made, the performance of AERMOD model was acceptable in prediction of CO concentrations in the study area.},  
Keywords = {Gas Refinery, Modeling, Statistical Analysis, CO, AERMOD 
},
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {281-292}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.281},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-84-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-84-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Zahraei, Adel and Ghasemi, Sayed Mehdi and Moradniya, Maryam and Karimyan, Kamaladdi},  
title = {The Relationship between Hardness of Drinking Water with High Blood Pressure Over 30 Years in Rural Population of Divandarreh City in 2014}, 
abstract ={drinking water and the reduction in the risk of blood pressure (P value<0.05). Also, the results showed that the degree of correlation (R) between the two variables for drinking water hardness levels and the percentage of high blood pressure in men was (-0.496) and in women was (-0.512) and in the total population over 30 years was (-0.61). Conclusion: Use of  water with medium to high degree of  hardness can reduce the risk of high blood pressure and consequently the risk of cardiovascular disease.},  
Keywords = {Water hardness, High blood pressure, Relationship, Divandarreh.},
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {293-300}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.293},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-85-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-85-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {NooriSepehr, Mohammad and Mohebi, Samira and AbdlollahiVahed, Shiva and Zarrabi, Mansur},  
title = {Removal of Tetracycline from Synthetic Solution by Natural LECA}, 
abstract ={Background: Antibiotic in environment can be accumulated in soil and sediment and then adversely affect the ecosystem function as well as decrease the natural degradation rate of pollutants by producing a antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. The antibiotic-resistant genes can also transfer to drinking water resources and then, leading untreatable human disease. Methods: Natural LECA was supported from rural resources and washed with deionized water for several time and then used as natural adsorbent. The adsorbents were characterized with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and X ray diffract meter (XRD). All experiments were conducted in a batch reactor. Various parameters such as initial adsorbent mass (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g/L), initial antibiotic concentration (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/L), initial solution pH (3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) and contact time (1-210 min) were investigated. Results: The Results of present work showed the high removal efficiency of the adsorbent for adsorption of Tetracycline from aqueous solution. Higher removal efficiency was observed for Tetracycline at pH 3, 180 min contact time, 10 g/L of adsorbent dose and 200 mg/L of initial antibiotic concentration. In optimum condition, up to 49% of tetracycline was removed. Conclusion: Overall, the results of the present work well demonstrated that natural LECA as an inexpensive adsorbent could remove effectively the antibiotics namely Tetracycline from aqueous solution.},  
Keywords = {LECA, Tetracycline, Antibacterial resistance, Batch system. },
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {301-311}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.301},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-86-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-86-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rahmani, Zahra and Rahmani, Alireza and Poureshgh, Yousef},  
title = {Evaluation of the Removal of Ammonium by Kaolin, Synthesized Zeolite Produced from Kaolin and Magnetic Zeolit from Aqueous Solutions}, 
abstract ={Background: Ammonium has introduced to environment by various resources such as industrial, domestic and agricultural effluents. Ammonium is toxic which can lead to oxygen depletion in the water and threating aquatic. On the current method for ammonium removal from water and wastewater is ion exchange and adsorption of the ion by zeolite. The objective of this study was removing of ammonium by Kaolin, zeolite synthesized from Kaolin and magnetic zeolite from aqueous solutions. Methods: In this study, various concentrations of Kaolin and synthesized zeolite (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 g/l) within aqueous solution containing ammonium ions (1- 20 mg/l) with different contact time (10-240 min) and pH values (3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) were probed. Using SEM, XRD and FTIR analysis, chemical characterization of synthesis Zeolite were studied.  Results: The maximum ammonium adsorption occurred at pH=7 and in 240 minutes contact time. By increasing initial concentration of ammonium, its sorption capacity was increased. However, by increasing the adsorbent dose, the removal efficiency was decreased. Optimum dosage of kaolin and zeolite was 2 g/L and 1.5 g/L, respectively. The isotherm data of ammonium were correlated reasonably well by Freundlich isotherm model. It was found that the adsorption of ammonium ion on kaolin, synthesis zeolite and magnetic zeolite followed pseudo-second order kinetic model. Conclusion: This research confirmed that the adsorption of ammonium by Kaolin, synthesized Zeolite and magnetic Zeolite is a low-cost and high-efficient method.},  
Keywords = {Ammonium ion, Synthesized zeolite, Kaolin, Magnetic zeolite.

},
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {312-328}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.312},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-87-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-87-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Asgari, Ghorban and Rahmani, Alireza and Faredmal, Javad and Seyedmohammadi, Abdol Motaleb and Mehralipour, Jamal},  
title = {Optimization of Catalytic Ozonation Process for Formaldehyde Mineralization from Synthetic Wastewater by Fe/MgO Nanoparticles Synthesis by Sol-Gel Method by Response Surface Model}, 
abstract ={Background: Design experiment stages of formalin mineralization process by center composition design (CCD) cause ease of work, reducing the number of samples, increasing the accuracy of optimized conditions and the interaction parameters determined during the process. The aim of this study was optimization of catalytic ozonation process for formaldehyde mineralization from synthetic wastewater by Fe/MgO nanoparticles synthesis by sol-gel method by response surface model. Methods: This experimental study was conducted in a semi-batch reactor, using a RSM by taking 3 factors in the final stage of pH (7-9), reaction time (10-20 min) and catalyst dose (1.1-1.3 g/L) was investigated. Synthesis of nanoparticles was done by sol-gel method. The results were analyzed by Design Expert 7.0.1 software. Results: The results showed that the process was dependent on the parameters studied and changing each parameter, affected the process efficiency and other parameters. The optimum conditions predicted for the process was 86.51% of mineralization efficiency. Optimum condition included pH=8.82, reaction time of 20 minute and catalyst dose of 1.3 g/L. The correlation coefficient for the process was determined 0.91. Conclusion: Using a statistical model could reduce the number of experiments, the accuracy and the prediction process. The catalytic ozonation process has the ability to remove formaldehyde with high efficiency and the process was environmental friendly.},  
Keywords = { Formalin, Catalytic ozonation, Fe/MgO nanoparticles, Response surface model, Synthetic wastewater.},
volume = {1},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {329-340}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jehe.1.4.329},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-88-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-88-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2014}  
}