@article{ 
author = {Gholami, Faeze and Gholami, Mitra and Dehghanifard, Emad and Hosseini-Baharanchi, Fatemeh Sadat},  
title = {Midterm evaluation of water demand in residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors, a case study in Gonabad}, 
abstract ={  Background and Objective: Iran included in the list of vulnerable countries in the field of water resources. This concerns highlights the essential need for planning and managing water resources in Iran. Domestic water requires serious attention due to the cost of water supply and its significant role in promoting public health. The present work aimed to investigate the water consumption in Gonabad for different municipal sectors. Methods: Having a population of 50899, Gonabad is located in Khorasan Razavi province. Water consumption data from residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors were collected for 3 consecutive years from 2018 to 2020. Per capita, water consumption, and water demand changes for different sectors over time then analyzed using demographic information. Water consumption during 2020 was considered as water demand during the Covid-19 pandemic. Results: The average per capita water consumption in Gonabad in 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 125, 146, and 161L, respectively, indicated an average annual increase of about 11 percent. Of total water consumption, 86.9% corresponded to residential, 3.4% to commercial, 8.6% to institutional, and 7. 9% to industrial sectors. The present study also showed that in a three-year basis, the mean water consumption in residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial sectors increased by 22.9, 4.5, 0.8, and 27.6 percent, respectively. Water consumption during 2021 experiences an incremental trend that could be attributed to the crisis caused by Covid-19 in Iran. Conclusion: The present study showed that the water demand for Gonabad has increased about 11% during the study period and the residential sector with the highest growth rate accounts for the highest water consumption demand. Moreover, industrial growth in the study period contribute to a significant increase in water demand. The present study also highlighted the essential considerations that must take for water supply in unusual situations like COVID-19 that increased water demand.},  
Keywords = {water consumption per capita, water demand, municipal water consumption, Khorasan Razavi, Gonaba},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {1-12}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.1},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-950-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-950-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Golzadeh, Negar and Lorestani, Bahareh and Sobhanardakani, Soheil and Cheraghi, Mehrdad and Khorasani, Nematollah},  
title = {Evaluation of efficiency of extracted natural coagulant from plane tree seed for turbidity removal from industrial effluent (Case study: Effluent of Hamedan Pegah Dairy Company)}, 
abstract ={Background and Objective: Wastewater of food industries contains large amounts of suspended solids and other chemicals which produced during cleaning and sanitary purposes. Therefore, removal of these pollutants from effluent is very important. The aim of this study was to removal of turbidity from the effluent of Hamedan Pegah Dairy Company using extracted natural coagulant from plane seed Methods and Methods: In this descriptive study, the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH and turbidity values on efficiency of turbidity removal from food industries effluent were investigated. Also, adsorbent characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), moreover, the adsorption of turbidity studied from both kinetics and equilibrium points of view. Results: Based on the results obtained, the highest turbidity removal efficiency at optimum conditions (i.e. pH of 8, contact time of 60 min, initial turbidity of 1 NTU and adsorbent dose of 0.1 g/l) was found to be 98%. Also, the adsorption kinetic of turbidity via plane tree seed coagulant followed pseudo second-order (PSO) model (R2 = 0.991), while the adsorption isotherm obeyed Langmuir model (R2 = 0.994) with maximum adsorption capacities of 0.203 mg/g. Conclusion: In conclusion, due to the natural coagulant from plane tree seed showed a high efficiency to removal of turbidity from wastewater, it could be used as a suitable alternative in comparing with common chemical coagulants for reduce the pollutants from the effluent of food industries in wastewater treatment plants.  },  
Keywords = {Plane seed, Adsorption, Industrial effluent, Turbidity, Natural coagulant},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {13-28}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.13},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-932-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-932-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {vahedimonfared, fatemeh and ghodsi, soudabeh and mazloomi, saj},  
title = {Investigating the status of environmental health indicators of bakeries in Malekshahi city in 1400}, 
abstract ={Background and Objective: Bread is one of the most important food sources in our country. The hygiene of bread is very important and one of the most important things to note is the hygiene of bakeries. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the current situation of bakeries in Malekshahi city. Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in Malekshahi city in 1400. All active bakeries in Malekshahi city (52 units) were investigated by census method. Then, information was collected from the bakeries of Malekshahi city by using the traditional bakery health inspection checklist. The collected data were analyzed using Excel software. Results: The results showed that from the point of view of personal hygiene, food hygiene, tools and equipment hygiene and building hygiene, respectively, 79.73, 68.37, 55.59 and 71.10 percent have a favorable condition and the total average compliance index environmental hygiene in bakeries of Malekshahi city was reported as 68.69 percent. Conclusion: In order to promote and improve the health situation, environmental health inspectors in health centers, while applying stricter rules, especially in the field of paying attention to the health of tools and equipment used in bakeries, by continuously monitoring and controlling these places and formulating practical laws and monitoring their implementation, ensure the health of bread as the dominant force of the people.  },  
Keywords = {Environmental health, bakery, Malekshahi city, Ilam.},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {29-38}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.29},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-953-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-953-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Moradalizadeh, Saeideh and Hashemi, Majid and Faraji, Maryam and Tohidinik, Hamidreza and Arbab, Par},  
title = {Investigating the mortality rate caused by COVID-19 diseases in high-risk groups and its relationship with climatic conditions (case study Isfahan - Iran)}, 
abstract ={Background and Objective: The underlying disease plays an important role in the severity and mortality rate caused by covid-19. On the other hand environmental factors such as climatic conditions can affect the dynamics of many infectious diseases. The main purpose of this research was determination of mortality caused by Covid-19 in high-risk groups and its relation with climatic conditions in Isfahan city from Feb 2020 to the end of Dec 2020. Materials: In the study period, the number of people included in the study by census (81881 person). To collect data, an information collection form was used, including the person's condition in terms of severity of illness and hospitalization, along with demographic information (age and gender) and their type of illness. Also, climatic parameters such as average temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind speed during the study period were obtained separately for each month from the website of Isfahan Meteorology Department and the data were analyzed by SPSS software (p<0.05). Results: The number of infected people in Nov 2020 was the number of 20130. There was no significant relationship between the variables of temperature, relative humidity and precipitation with the rate of morbidity. But the average wind speed had a significant inverse relationship with the morbidity rate. Also, there was no significant relationship between the variables of climatic conditions and the rate of mortality caused by Covid-19. Conclusion: The result of Poisson regression on all high-risk people (with underlying disease) to investigate the mortality rate by month, except for the precipitation variable, was significant for other variables.},  
Keywords = {Covid 19, Corona virus, Climatic conditions, High risk groups},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {39-50}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.39},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-960-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-960-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Taheripelangerd, afsane and ghodsi, soudabeh and Darvishmotevalli, mohammad and mazloomi, saj},  
title = {The Study of The Environmental Health Status of The Women\'s beauty Salons of Eyvan, Ilam}, 
abstract ={Background: Women's beauty salons are among the public places where attention to environmental health aspects is important in the person and society, because the lack of sanitation and non-performance, and so on are a threat to the health of the community. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the health status of women's hairdressing in Eyvan city in 2017. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on all women's hairdressers in Eyvan in 2017. Information gathering was done by visiting women's hairdressing salons and completing the checklist form of the health regulations from the beauty salon and women's beauty salons and observation and interviewing. To analyze the data collected from the Excel software. Results: The results showed that 14.67% and 57.68% of the decorators had a medical examination card and a public health education certificate, respectively. From the point of view of the health of tools and equipment, 57.14%, and in terms of the health condition of the building, a total of 42.4% of the barber shops had a favorable situation. Also, 60% of the hairdressers do not use a safety box to remove sharp objects from the body.  Conclusion: According to the results, the sanitary condition of women's hairdressers in the city of Eyvan was not consistent with some of the indicators, and the need for proper education, planning, and intensification of examination for providing services such as tattoo, waxing, and nail polish to control the health condition. Places and community health are essential.},  
Keywords = {Women's Beauty Salon, Environmental Health, Eyvan city},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {51-60}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.51},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-958-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-958-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Sadr, maryam and Nourmoradi, Heshmatolah and ghodsi, soudabeh and Darvishmotevalli, mohammad and mazloomi, saj},  
title = {Investigating the health indicators of public swimming pools in Ilam Province}, 
abstract ={Background:  Swimming is one of the recreational activities and an important sport for the health of the body and soul. In the case of non-observance of sanitary standards in swimming pools, health problems and transmission of infectious diseases to swimmers will occur. The aim of this study was to investigate the environmental health status of swimming pools in Ilam city.   Methods: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study where the environmental health status of 8 active swimming pools in Ilam city was evaluated. To conduct this research, the checklist was prepared by the ministry of health for assessing the environmental health status of active swimming pools. Through direct observation, and accurate measurement of completion, and excel software was used for analyzing the collected data. Results: The results showed that PH, residual chlorine, health personnel, and insect control were 50,75,100, and 75% respectively. Also, the turbidity and temperature in 100% of the samples were undesirable. Conclusion: The tool and equipment sector were less desirable compared to other sectors. Critical parameters such as turbidity, water temperature and ambient temperature of the pools should be carefully monitored.  },  
Keywords = {swimming pool, environmental health, Ilam Province},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {61-71}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.61},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-957-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-957-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Kamarehie, Bahram and FarashBeiranvand, Fatemeh and Mohammadi, Mohsen and Karami, Mohammad Ami},  
title = {Evaluation of disinfection effect of Ajowan on Pseudomonas aeruginosa}, 
abstract ={Background and objective:  Increasing antibiotic resistance in most bacteria has led to the development of natural antimicrobial compounds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the disinfection effect of Ajowan essential oil (EO) on the standard strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Methods: In this study, the essential oil was prepared by distillation of Ajowan. The components of the essential oil were separated and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Then the antibacterial effects of two combinations including Ajowan EO +dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and glutaraldehyde 2% on standard strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated and determined using dilution broth and disk diffusion methods Results: The results of the study showed that the most component of the essential oil consist of: Thymol (50%), P-cymene (23.6%), and Terpinen (20.3%). The mean values of MIC in the antibacterial substances (Ajowan EO+DMSO,   Glutaraldehyde 2%) were 83 and 125µg/mL respectively. The mean values of MBC for abovementioned substances were 125 and 166 µg/mL respectively. The mean diameter of the inhibition zone in the MIC concentration was 11and 12.66 mm respectively. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, Essential oils Ajowan has similar effect of glutaraldehyde 2% on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It may be a possible substitute to glutaraldehyde in hospital disinfection purposes.},  
Keywords = {  Disinfectant, Ajowan, Nosocomial infection},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {72-82}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.72},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-904-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-904-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Naghdi, Soudabe and Mirmohammadi, Mohsen and Karimzadegan, Hassan and Gh, Jamal},  
title = {the study of gaseous pollutants emitted from automotive industry and near road to the atmosphere using the combination of AERMOD dispersion model and MOVES model}, 
abstract ={Background: The establishment of automotive industries in urban areas can affect the air quality of cities due to the variety of pollutants emitted from them. The aim of this study is to investigate the simultaneous effects of the Saipa automobile industry and two surrounding highways on air quality. Methods: In this study, meteorological data suitable for modeling the distribution of pollutants have been prepared from the Mehrabad meteorological station, and the modeling of the distribution of nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide gaseous pollutants released from automobile factories and linear sources was done by AERMOD software, and the accuracy of the results It was confirmed by field measurements of NO2 pollution by passive adsorbents. Results: The validation results show the acceptable performance of the model. The highest annual nitrogen dioxide concentration of 1209 parts per billion can be seen at the coordinates of 515326.80 and 3953279.17 meters inside the Lashkari highway, which is about 23 times the NAAQS standard, and the highest concentration of CO, 12.6 parts per million, can be seen at the coordinates of 515326.80 and 3953279.17 meters inside the Lashkari highway, which is about 1.4 times the NAAQS standard. Conclusion: The exposure of people passing by on the roads to concentrations higher than the NAAQS standards of nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide shows the need for the government and authorities to take action in relation to highways and traffic laws.},  
Keywords = {Air Pollutions, Automotive industries, AERMOD, MOVES},
volume = {10},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {83-99}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.1.83},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-949-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-949-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Lorestani, Bahareh and Cheraghi, Mehrdad and Soheil, Sobhan Ardakani},  
title = {Effect of traffic density on heavy metal content of soils and vegetation cover along roadsides, case study: City of Hamedan}, 
abstract ={Background & Objective: Nowadays, trace elements are known as useful indicators for monitoring of environmental pollution caused from traffic emmissions. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effect of urban traffic and distance from the street side on heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Cu) concentration in surface soil and plant species of roadsides environment of city of Hamedan, west of Iran. Methods: In this descriptive study, a total of 48 surface soil and plant samples were collected from four areas of city of Hamedan with different traffic density. After samples preparation, the concentrations of the analyzed elements in the soil and plant samples were determined using ICP-OES. Also, all statistical analyses of the obtained data were performed using SPSS software version 19.0. Results: Based on the results obtained, metals accumulation in soils and plants of the area with heavy traffic volume especially Basij Boulevard were higher than the other sampling areas. Also, distance from street side had been inverse relation with metals accumulation in soil and plant samples. So as the most accumulation of elements was recorded for samples collected at a distance of 5.0 m from street side. Conclusion: Generally, inverse relation of metals accumulation in soil and plant samples with distance from street side might be related to vehicular emissions. Moreover, the results of this study also could be useful for managers and planners in the fields of architecture and urban design, urban land use planning, and urban traffic control managers.},  
Keywords = {Heavy metals, Urban traffic, Vegetation cover, Roadside, Hamedan},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {100-113}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.100},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-968-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-968-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Taghiyan, Elaheh and NabatiAhmadi, ‪Dariush and RoayaeiArdakani‬, Mohamm},  
title = {Evaluation of manganese biodegradation rate by Spirulina platensis from industrial effluents and genetic study of heavy metal absorbing genes.}, 
abstract ={Background & purpose: The remediation of heavy metal manganese from industrial wastewaters has always been a challenging issue for environmental experts. It has been found that different species of microalgae, including Spirulina platensis, can be used in industrial wastewater treatment to remove heavy metals. The main goal of this research is to reduce or remove the heavy metal manganese from the industrial wastewaters of factories by microalgae Spirulina platensis. Materials& Methods: In this research, 8 types of industrial wastewaters were collected from different factories and after the algae reached the logarithmic phase, they were mixed with industrial wastewaters. Then, the concentration of manganese metal, the amount of metal absorption and the percentage of microalgae cleaning efficiency were determined by atomic absorption measurement. Also, cutting enzymes were designed for nucleotide sequencing of α-phycocyanin subunit gene from Spirulina microalgae. Then Clonewin software was used to confirm the primers and the target fragment was placed in the expression vector. Findings: The results of atomic absorption evaluation showed that after exposure of spirulina to industrial wastewater for one hour, a significant decrease in the volume of the heavy metal manganese occurred. Also, the result of the α-phycocyanin subunit gene sequence showed 100% homology with the α-phycocyanin subunit gene sequence in the gene bank. Conclusion: Therefore, Spirulina platensis has the ability to absorb manganese metal in industrial wastewaters from factories, and different expression vectors can be used for homogenization and expression of alpha subunit genes.},  
Keywords = {Spirulina plantesis, wastewater, manganese, biodegradation},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {114-129}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.114},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-967-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-967-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rezaei, Mahdi and Hashemi, Maji},  
title = {Investigation of Concrete Waste Recycling Methods (Review)}, 
abstract ={Background: Construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are among the bulkiest municipal wastes which are often made of concrete. According to the high volume of these wastes, it is essential to use the recycling strategy to manage C&D wastes. Recycling has three major advantages to make CDW management more efficient, including; reducing the demand for natural resources, reducing the cost of energy production, and increasing the capacity of the landfills. According to this, the aim of current study is to review concrete waste recycling methods. Methods: In the initial search of articles, a total of 74 articles from 2005 to 2022 were found which was reduced to 50 after removing duplicates. Then, in the screening stage, the title and abstract of the articles were reviewed and at the end, 28 articles remained. Then, to obtain related articles, the full text of the screened articles was studied and finally, 22 articles remained which were used in the present study.. Results: Recycled aggregates usually have limited use in the construction industry; but the technologies discussed in this study can increase the quality of recycled aggregates and therefore these aggregates can be used in better and more applications. Conclusion: There are advantageous suggestions for the improvement of construction waste recycling including; the proper destruction of buildings, revision of construction methods, and encouragement to design structures based on native architectural potentials. The main ways to achieve these goals include; government support, raising public awareness, establishing an administrative system for recycled materials, approving relevant laws, and devising construction methods based on local capabilities.},  
Keywords = {Concrete waste recycling, Construction waste, Environmental effects},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {130-145}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.130},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-964-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-964-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Amjadian, Hadi and SobhanArdakani, Soheil},  
title = {Assessment of Potentially Toxic Element Pollution in Groundwater Resources Using MI and PoS Indices (Case Study: City of Sonqor)}, 
abstract ={Background & Objective: In the dry and semi dry regions of the world, due to almost 90% of their required water is provided from groundwater resources, these resources are vital. Therefore, this study was conducted to assessment of potentially toxic elements (As, Pb, Cd and Cu) pollution in groundwater resources of city of Sonqor, Kermansah Province, west of Iran in 2022 using MI and PoS indices. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 36 groundwater samples were collected randomly from 12 sampling sites during summer and autumn seasons. The value of some qualitative parameters including T, pH, EC and TDS were determined insitu. After samples preparation, the contents of As, Pb, Cd and Cu were determined using ICP-OES. Also, the metal (MI) and the PoS indices were computed for qualitative assessment of groundwater resources. Moreover, all statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 19.0 Results: Based on the results obtained, the mean contents of the analyzed elements (µg/l) in groundwater samples collected in the summer season were found to be 4.22 for As, 0.125 for Pb, 0.387 for Cd and 0.598 for Cu, while the mean levels of As, Pb, Cd and Cu in groundwater samples of the autumn season were 2.98, 0.137, 0.213 and 0.610, respectively. Also, in comparison, the mean concentrations of the analyzed elements in the groundwater samples of both seasons were lower than the maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) established by WHO, EPA and Iran DOE. Besides, the MI and PoS indices of the summer season with mean values of 1.00 and 203, respectively, showed that the quality of groundwater resources of the study area was classified as 'slightly affected' and 'low quality degradation level'. Whereas, in the autumn season the mean values of MI with 0.830 and PoS with 144, showed that the quality of groundwater resources of the study area was classified as 'pure' and 'none–low quality degradation level', respectively. Conclusion: Although based on the findings, the quality of the groundwater resources of the study area was desirable during the implementation of this research, the overuse of agricultural inputs particularly phosphorus and urea fertilizers and also heavy metal-based pesticides (e.g. arsenical pesticides/herbicides), could be pose to decrease of the quality of groundwater resources, and cause irreversible damages in this area. Therefore, regular and periodic monitoring of groundwater quality for environmental and human health maintenance is recommended.  },  
Keywords = {Water pollution, Qualitative assessment, Maximum permissible concentrations, Potentially toxic elements, Sonqor},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {146-162}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.146},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-966-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-966-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Karami, Mohammad Amin and Kamarehie, Bahram and Farhadian, Mahdieh and Azimi, Faramarz},  
title = {Investigating vermicompost production from agricultural waste and sheep manure}, 
abstract ={Background & Objective: Vermicomposting is a promising, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technology in organic waste management. In this study, the production of vermicompost by Eisenia Foetida earthworm from agricultural residues and sheep manure has been discussed. Materials and methods: In this study, sheep manure, straw and grape leaves wastes were used in different proportions to produce vermicompost. Perforated plastic boxes were used to support the growth of earthworms. After adjusted different proportions of these residues, their humidity was controlled and a number of earthworms of Eisenia Foetida species were introduced to each box. The pH and EC parameters were measured every two weeks and C/N ratio three times during the experiment. The duration of experiment was 120 days. The ANOVA test was used to compare the averages and Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis post-tests were also used to identify the source of differences in the mentioned variables. Findings: The results showed that the pH increased during vermicomposting process and was acidic again at the end of the process. The highest C/N decrease ratio and the highest EC increase were observed in the 100% sheep manure bed (b1) and the lowest C/N decrease was observed in the 100% straw bed (b6). Conclusion: Using vermicomposting is effective in waste management. It is recommended to use sheep manure in combination with other wastes to produce high quality fertilizer as well as increase the rate of vermicomposting process.   },  
Keywords = {Waste, Earthworm, Electrical conductivity, Vermicompost.},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {163-172}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.163},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-965-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-965-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {sharifpour, Mitra and Cheraghi, Mehrdad and Sobhanardakani, Soheil and Lorestani, Bahareh},  
title = {Efficiency of Natural Bio-adsorbent of Corn Silk for Removal of Lead Ions from Agricultural Effluents}, 
abstract ={Introduction and purpose: Nowadays, the entrance of heavy metals as inorganic pollutants into agricultural waters is one of the major concerns in all over the world. In the past few years, the adsorption of heavy metals by various categories of bio-adsorbents has been investigated via different process, including surface and chemical adsorption. In this research, corn silk has been used as an efficient bio-adsorbent for adsorption of lead ions from agricultural effluents. Materials and methods: Firstly, corn silk prepared from the fields around Kermanshah, afterward washed with distilled water and heated in an oven for 24 hours until it dried and rubbed. The prepared sample used for the adsorption of lead metal experiments. Findings: In higher concentration of the adsorbent, the absorption capacity of ions decreases drastically. Also, the optimal pH value for the absorption process obtained around 5. The kinetic data exhibited that the metal adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Furthermore, thermodynamic data revealed that the process of metal absorption is spontaneous and the absorption happened physically. Conclusion: The results clearly showed that the corn silk as a biosorbent can be effective for the removal of lead ions from aquatic solutions compared to previous reports. We can conclude that, the efficiency of biosorbent refers to the functional groups with high absorption power such as hydroxyl. In addition, the rate of adsorption of pollutants by the corn silk is significant, so that after 30 minutes the surface adsorption process reaches equilibrium stage.},  
Keywords = {Biosorbent, Agricultural effluent, Heavy metals, Corn silk, Adsorption},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {173-188}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.173},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-952-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-952-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Jalali, Fariba and Pahlavan, Babak},  
title = {Reliability and validity Assessment of HSE Culture Questionnaire in the in Karaj waste management organization}, 
abstract ={Introduction and purpose: Reviewing and implementing the model of safety, health and environment culture has always been considered as one of the most important concerns in waste management. Recently, focusing on the effective role of management in the causes of accidents has caused a lot of attention to the concept of safety culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of safety, health and environment culture on waste management. methods: This research was a descriptive-survey type of field studies. The main variables of the research were safety culture, health and environment. The statistical population of the research was 260 employees of Karaj Waste Management Organization, based on the Morgan table, the number of samples was determined to be 152. The 18-question questionnaire was divided among them and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire was studied. Results: The reliability of the questionnaire is estimated to be 0.86 based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Structural model method and SmartPLS 328 and SPSS 23 software were used to analyze the findings. All hypotheses were confirmed by checking structural model fit and overall model fit. Conclusion: As a result, according to the confirmation of the influence of all three variables of safety, health and environment culture on waste management, it can be said that the culture of safety, health and environment has a positive and significant impact on waste management.  },  
Keywords = {Safety, Health and Environment, HSE culture, Karaj waste management},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {189-206}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.189},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-962-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-962-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {VaziriNejad, Tahere and Saghi, Mohammad Hossein and JalilnavazNovin, Mohammad Reza and Salari, Mehdi and abadi, Ahmad Alah},  
title = {Investigating the removal rate of endocrine disrupting compound of diethyl phthalate from aqueous solutions using catalytic ozonation process}, 
abstract ={Background: The emergence of new chemical industries has caused the release of a large amount of organic compounds including industrial by-products, insecticides and other chemicals in nature. Endocrine disrupting compounds are a known group of hazardous and complex pollutants that occurs in wastewater and water sources worldwide, either naturally or as a result of human activities. In this study, an attempt is made to remove diethyl phthalate from water environments by the advanced oxidation process of ozonation in the presence of activated carbon produced from the Skanbil tree. methods and Materials: This experimental study was done in a reactor with a volume of 100 mL. In each experiment, diethyl phthalate solution was poured into the pilot in the desired concentration and ozone with 0.8 mg/min dose was injected into the reaction solution. Process parameters included pH (2-8), reaction times (2 to 30 min), pollutant concentration (5-25 mg/L) and catalyst dose (0.025-0.1 gram). In the end of each experiment, the sample was withdrawn from the pilot and analyzed using HPLC to determine the residual diethyl phthalate. Results: The results showed that under optimal conditions of pH = 6.8, ozone dose = 0.8 mg/min and contact time = 30 minutes, ozonation could only remove 60% of diethyl phthalate, and under the same conditions, catalytic ozonation with 0.075 g of carbon obtained from the skanbil tree could remove 94% of diethyl phthalate. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that catalytic ozonation with carbon obtained from the wood waste of shanbil tree can be used as an advanced treatment method.},  
Keywords = {catalytic ozonation, diethyl phthalate, advanced oxidation, activated carbon},
volume = {10},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {207-220}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.2.207},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-976-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-976-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {NaderiEshkaftaki, Mohsen and Mirabbasi, Rasoul and NasrEsfahani, Mohammad Ali and FatahiNafchi, Rouhallah},  
title = {Temporal and Spatial Analysis of the Groundwater Quality Variations in Faradonbeh Plain and Evaluation of Its Usability for Agricultural Uses During 1991-2019}, 
abstract ={Background: Nowadays, due to the limited groundwater resources and increasing population, and growth of agriculture and industries, optimum operation of groundwater needs more attention. In this research, temporal and spatial changes in the quality of groundwater resources in Faradonbeh Plain located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province have been investigated. Methods: For this purpose, the time series of qualitative variables collected from 7 sampling stations (including 6 wells and one spring) in the Faradonbeh plain during a 29-year period (1991-2019) was used. The trend of changes in groundwater quality variables of this plain was investigated using the modified Mann-Kendall test (after completely removing the autocorrelation effect). Also, for each time series, the trend line slope was calculated using the Sen slope estimator. In order to draw the delineation maps of qualitative variables, Kriging method was used in the Arc GIS software. Finally, the usability of groundwater for agricultural use in Faradonbeh plain was investigated using USSL diagram. Results: Comparison of delineation maps of qualitative variables showed that the groundwater quality of this plain has decreased in recent years, especially in the central parts of the plain. Also, the results of he USSL diagram indicate a decrease in the quality of groundwater for agricultural uses. Conclusion: Due to the expansion of agriculture lands in this plain, the overexploitation of groundwater resources and indiscriminate of fertilizers and chemical pesticides can pose a serious threat to the water resources in the region in terms of quantity and quality. Also, the use of industrial and municipal effluents for irrigation in the long-term can have adverse effects on the life cycle of this region due to undesirable changes in soil and the possibility of leakage of these pollutants into groundwater, especially in the central part of this plain.},  
Keywords = {Groundwater Quality, Trend, Mann-Kendall, Kriging, USSL Diagram},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {221-240}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.221},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-961-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-961-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Astani, Sajad and Lorestani, Bahareh and Cheraghi, Mehrdad and KianiSadr, Maryam},  
title = {Quantifying the health risk of chemicals in a drilling rig fluid supply company in southern Iran using WASPAS-IVIF and SQRA methods}, 
abstract ={Background: Chemical industries are among the process industries and have many risks that can lead to catastrophic and irreparable consequences. The current research analyzed the health risk of chemicals in a company supplying chemicals to drilling rigs using WASPAS and SQRA methods in 2022. Methods: The basic information of the materials used was collected based on intuitive methods, document review, MSDS of chemicals, processes, efficiency, and exposure to chemicals. In the SQRA risk assessment, hazard rate (HR) and exposure rate (ER) factors were calculated based on information related to acute toxicity, LD50, and LC50. The developed version of WASPAS-IVIF has been used to prioritize the health risk of chemicals. 10 process safety experts were used for scoring. Risk assessment calculations were done in the Excel2016 software environment, and the data fuzzification process was in Fuzzy Toolbox in the Matbal2019a software environment. Findings: The results of the health risk assessment of chemicals using the SQRA method, out of 45 chemicals, 34 were evaluated as having no health risk potential. The health risk level for Acetone, Calcium Chloride, CITRIC ACID, Fuel Oil, and Naphthalene is low. For biocide, n-Butyl, ammonium nitrate, and xylenes are at medium level, toluene at a high level, and Benzene at a very high level. The results of the WASPAS-IVIF evaluation also show that Benzene is the most critical risk factor in the chemical storage of drilling fluids, with a coefficient of 0.828. Conclusion: This research showed that the health effects caused by exposure to chemicals used in the drilling industry are worrying.  },  
Keywords = {Health risk, chemical industry, SQRA, WASPAS, drilling industry},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {241-258}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.241},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-971-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-971-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mortazavi, Samar and Makhfi, Golnar and Karimi, Akram and Rezazadeh, Siavash and ParsiMehr, Moham},  
title = {Water ecosystem health assessment of Zayandeh Rood}, 
abstract ={Background:  Heavy metal pollutants in rivers are one of the serious environmental concerns in aquatic ecosystems. Sediments, as an environmental indicator, have an acceptable ability to express the degree of environmental pollution with heavy metals. Therefore, with the aim of evaluating the health of the water ecosystem of Zayandeh Rood, we investigated pollution using sediment indicators. Methods: In this study, the sediments of Zayandeh Rood River were sampled at 17 stations. Metals lead, zinc, iron, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, copper and chromium were measured by acid digestion method with atomic absorption device. Also, land accumulation indices, Nemerow pollution index and ecological risk potential were calculated. Results: The average concentration of metals in sediments is 1762.92 iron, 201.52 nickel, 44.07 zinc, 23.36 cobalt, 28.67 copper, 11.51 lead, 10.09 chromium, and 0.87 cadmium mg/kg. According to the Igeo index, the average concentration of chromium, iron, copper, zinc and lead elements in all stations was lower than the average of the earth's crust, and the concentration of nickel and cadmium in all stations was higher than the background value. In all stations, the ecological risk potential index of cadmium was higher than other elements. Conclusion: Considering the condition of river sediments in terms of cadmium and nickel pollution and their very high ecological risk, it is necessary to comprehensively monitor the river and its living organisms. Also, in order to evaluate its health and ecological risk with the approach of examining the trend of spatial and temporal changes, heavy metal pollution in water and river sediments should be taken into consideration.},  
Keywords = {Sediments Contamination, Geoaccumulation Index, Nemerow Pollution Index, Potential Ecological Risk Index.},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {259-275}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.259},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-970-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-970-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Lotfinarani, Danesh and DarvishMotevalli, Mohammad and mazloomi, saj},  
title = {Investigating the environmental health status of Sanandaj bakeries in 2023}, 
abstract ={Background: Bread is the main source of nutrition and provides most of the daily energy of people. In order to have healthy and suitable bread, it is necessary to pay attention to the environmental health indicators in bakeries. The current research was conducted with the aim of determining the environmental health status of bakeries in Sanandaj City in 2023. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive survey, 30 bakery units in Sanandaj city were investigated through a health inspection checklist of bakery that is approved by the Ministry of Health and Education. This checklist has four sections which include personal health, food, tools and equipment, and building hygiene. The collected data were analyzed by Excel software. Results: In the present study, the highest level of desirability was reported in the health sector of the building with a frequency of 73.96% and the lowest degree of desirability was reported in the section of personal health and hygiene of tools and equipment with a frequency of 70.48%. Conclusion: The state of the environmental health in the bakeries of Sanandaj city is not completely in accordance with the bakery health regulations, and in order to improve the conditions, it is necessary for the environmental health inspectors to be more careful and serious in terms of personal health indicators and the hygiene of tools and equipment. It is suggested that the health officials provide the necessary platforms to implement the process of self-control and self-declaration of health in order to further monitor the studied bakeries.  },  
Keywords = {Bakery, Environmental Health, Sanandaj City},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {276-286}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.276},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-989-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-989-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Taghiyan, Elaheh and NabatiAhmadi, Daryoosh and MohammadRoayaeiArdakani, Mohammad and RajabiMemari, Hami},  
title = {Optimizing the growth of Spirulina platensis in the enriched water of the Persian Gulf}, 
abstract ={Background: The use of Spirulina platensis has been expanded in various fields. The main goal of this research is to optimize the growth conditions of this microalgae to reduce costs and increase the benefits of its mass production in seawater. It is also feasible to lessen environmental pollution by producing more spirulina by discovering the best growing conditions for it through the enrichment of Persian Gulf water. Methods: First, the growth conditions of Spirulina platensis were optimized based on three factors: temperature, light, and pH. The temperature factor included four treatments, the light factor included four treatments, and the PH factor included five treatments. Also, Spirulina platensis microalgae were cultured in optimal growth conditions in Persian Gulf water, seawater enriched with 5% Zarrouk, 10% Zarrouk, with urea, and pure Zarrouk culture medium. Findings: The best temperature range for the growth of Spirulina platensis was 27–32 degrees Celsius. Also, the best growth was achieved in 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness; for the PH factor, the most appropriate value was determined between 10.72 and 11.47. Also, in the cultivation of Spirulina platensis, optimal conditions for the growth of Spirulina microalgae were obtained in the medium of Zarrouk, urea, 10% Zarrouk, 5% Zarrouk, and seawater, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, the growth of Spirulina platensis in Persian Gulf water is slow and shows little performance, and by enriching this water with the mentioned factors, the microalgae enter the logarithmic phase faster and show better performance.},  
Keywords = {Spirulina platensis, Seawater, Culture media, environment, biodegradation},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {287-308}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.287},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-974-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-974-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Pirbavehpour, Mohammad and Lorestani, Bahareh and KianySadr, Maryam and Cheraghi, Mehrdad and Chamani, Atefeh},  
title = {Investigation the performance of modified watermelon skin to  adsorb humic acid from aqueous solutions}, 
abstract ={Background: The abundance of humic substances in nature and their entry into water resources cause changes in color, taste and smell in water. which makes a huge amount of water in the world useless, Recently various methods have been presented to remove natural organic substances from water. But surface adsorption has a high removal capacity compared to the other methods. In this research the performance of modified watermelon skin in adsorption of humic acid from aqueous solutions on a continuous scale have been investigated. Methods: In this study, the effect of different parameters such as contact time, activation temperature,pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration and ionic strength and thermodynamics on humic acid removal efficiency were investigated.Using SEM spectrum (scanning electron microscope) the appearance characteristics of the adsorbent were done. Humic acid concentration was determined using spectrophotometer in 254 nm wavelength. findings: Results of the research showed that the highest amount of removal occurs in acidic environment, By increasing time and adsorbent dose and decreasing the initial concentration, the removal efficiency of humic acid increased for example:in time(45 minutes) and PH=4 and amount of adsorbent(0.1 g.L-1) with concentration removal is (50 mg.L-1) and the maximum removal of humic acid reached (90.98%) and the humic acid adsorption thermodynamically is an endothermic process. Conclusion: Activated carbon produced from watermelon skin as a new adsorbent from agricultural wastes is very effective in removing humic organic substances due to its abundance, low price and high efficiency.},  
Keywords = {Aqueous solution, surface adsorption, watermelon, humic acid, efficiency.},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {309-324}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.309},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-990-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-990-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Cheraghi, Mehrdad and SobhanArdakani, Soheil and Lorestani, Bahareh and JafariNobakht, Fatemeh and Tayebi, Lim},  
title = {Ecological potential evaluation of cold-water fish culture for reducing the environmental impact: Case study, Hamedan province, west of Iran}, 
abstract ={Background: Nowadays, the growing population has increased the demand for food especially for protein triggering the aquaculture industry's expansion. However, unplanned and unregulated farm will caused be at the subsequent yield failure and cost of environmental stress in the aquaculture farm. Accordingly, ecological potential evaluation and site selection of suitable areas for establishment of aquaculture farms can be prevent the interference of different land uses, minimize the environmental impact of aquaculture development and prevent disruptions in development. Therefore, the currentstudy was conducted to ecological potential evaluation of rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss (culture as coldwater fish species in Hamedan province, west of Iran. Methods: In the current study, biological requisites of rainbow trout, socioeconomic factors, springs information, water flow, water temperature, pH, slope, protected areas and antiquities were used for ecological potential evaluation and site selection of suitable sites for rainbow trout culture. In so doing, 'Makhdoum Aquaculture Model' and ArcGIS 10.3 were used. Results: Based on the results obtained, 1420 ha of Nahavand county, 571 ha of Razan county, 472 ha of Bahar county, 311 ha of Hamedan county, 263 ha of Malayer county, 145 ha of Toyserkan county, 121 ha of Asadabad county and 84.0 ha of Kabudarahang county were identified as the suitable areas for establishment of rainbow trout culture farms. Conclusion: Ecological potential evaluation and site selection for aquaculture by considering the land suitability could be taking to sustainable development and reduce of environmental stress of the aquaculture farm.},  
Keywords = {Environmental stress, Ecological potential evaluation, Site selection, Geographic information system, Aquaculture},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {325-339}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.325},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-992-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-992-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mirzaei, Kimia and DarvishMotevalli, Mohammad and mazloomi, Saj},  
title = {Investigating environmental health and safety status of DarehShahr primary schools in 2023}, 
abstract ={Background: Primary schools are a social institution where an important period of children's lives is spent. Observing the environmental health of the school is a kind of social investment that helps improve health-oriented programs for the next generations. the present study was also conducted with the aim of investigating environmental health and safety status of DarehShahr primary schools in 2023. Methods: The current research is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which all the primary schools in the city (28) were investigated by census method. The required data was obtained using the school health inspection checklist with form code 140/920318. Finally, the data were analyzed with excel software. Results: In this research, the percentage of health compliance with the regulations in the subject of personal health indicators, tools and equipment hygiene, building hygiene and building safety in Darrehshahr primary schools in 2023 were equal to 64.73, 83.52، 75, 64.29%, respectively. In total, the percentage of health compliance with regulations in the studied schools was 71.89 percent. Conclusion: In order to improve the environmental health status of DarehShahr elementary schools, it is necessary to put fundamental changes in the factors of environmental health and school safety, especially in the field of deficiencies observed in the personal health and safety of school buildings.},  
Keywords = {Schools, Environmental Health, Safety, DarehShahr City, Ilam},
volume = {10},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {340-351}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.3.340},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-991-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-991-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mengelizadeh, Nezamaddin and Dehghani, Mohammad Hossei},  
title = {Studying the performance of montmorillonite-CuFe2O4 nanocomposite for peroxymonosulfate activation in acid red 18 dye degradation}, 
abstract ={Background: The effluent from textile industries contains various metal pollutants and organic substances, which have attracted the attention of environmental engineers in recent decades. Methods based on advanced oxidation processes such as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation are excellent techniques for destroying organic pollutants such as dye with a complex structure. In the present study, copper ferrite nanoparticles (CuFe2O4) loaded on montmorillonite (MMT) were used as PMS activating catalyst in the decomposition of acid red 18 dye. Methods: The MMT-CuFe2O4 catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method, and its properties were determined through TEM, SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Optimum conditions for maximum dye removal were predicted through response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of anions on the rate of dye decomposition and catalyst stability was carried out as additional tests in the present study. Results: Diagnostic analyses showed that CuFe2O4 nanoparticles with nanometer size were loaded on the surface of MMT. The results of statistical analysis with R2 = 0.977 and F = 114.27 showed that the parameters were effective on the catalytic decomposition of dye. Maximum dye removal efficiency (99.66%) was predicted by the RSM model in optimal conditions including pH of 8.93, PMS dosage of 1.18 mM, catalyst dosage of 228 mg/L, and reaction time of 9.66 min. The presence of various anions in the reaction medium reduced the efficiency from 100% to 85%. Conclusion: Based on the results, MMT-CuFe2O4 is a good candidate for treatment of the aqueous solution containing acid red 18 dye.},  
Keywords = {Catalytic decomposition, response surface methodology, MMT-CuFe2O4, peroxymonosulfate},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {352-371}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.352},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1006-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1006-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Hamidianfar, Najla and Chamani, Atefeh and Ataabadi, Mitra and ZamaniAhmadMahmoodi, Rasool},  
title = {Cadmium and copper absorption by Eisenia fetida in the presence of different concentrations of microplastics}, 
abstract ={Background: Soil serves as the primary repository for microplastics, yet their impact on soil-dwelling organisms remains insufficiently understood. This study aims to investigate the influence of varying concentrations of microplastics in soil on the absorption of Cd and Cu by Eisenia fetida within an artificial soil matrix. Methods: The artificial soil consisted of kaolinite clay (20% dry weight), quartz sand (70% dry weight), and Sphagnum peat (10% dry weight). Microplastics, derived from worn-out tire rubber, were incorporated into the soil to establish four concentration levels: 5, 25, 50, and 100 grams of tire microplastics per 500 grams of dry soil. Each treatment was inoculated with ten mature earthworms, weighing between 3.0 and 5.0 grams. After 14 days, samples were collected for ICP analysis. Results: : The highest accumulation of both metals was observed in treatments with 25, 50, and 100 grams of tire microplastics. The results demonstrated significant disparities in copper and cadmium accumulation in the tissue samples following the introduction of tire wear particles, indicating an augmenting effect of tire particles on metal uptake by the samples. Statistically notable reductions (p < 0.05) in Cd and Cu concentrations were noted in both the control soil and soil containing microplastics, particularly in the 100-gram microplastic treatment for Cd and the 50-gram microplastic treatment for Cu. Conclusion: Exposure to a combination of microplastics, Cd, and Cu has more pronounced adverse effects on E. fetida, and microplastics enhance the bioavailability of heavy metal ions within the soil environment.},  
Keywords = {Microplastic, Heavy metals, Eisenia fetida, Tire wear particles},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {372-381}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.372},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1003-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1003-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Toghraei, Akbar and Fatehizadeh, Ali and ZamaniAlavijeh, Fereshteh and Abdollahpour, Ibrahim},  
title = {Survey on the special health education course on the promoting the level of personal and environmental health of preparation, distribution, and sale centers food staff in Semirom city}, 
abstract ={Background: Food hygiene and safety at the production and supply levels are regarded as fundamental principles for disease prevention and pollution prevention. The present aimed to evaluate the effect of special health education courses on promoting the level of personal and environmental health of preparation, distribution, and sale centers food staff in Semirom city. Methods: The present interventional study was conducted from December 1400 to May 1401in 2022. For the health education course, 100 individuals in charge of sale centers food staff in Semirom city were selected and trained by lectures, workshops, and practical demonstrations for 8 sessions. Data was collected before and after training using a valid questionnaire that included four sections: demographic characteristics (gender, age, education level, type of job, and amount of work experience), knowledge (36 questions), attitudes (6 questions), and practices (4 questions). To assess the efficiency of the educational intervention, the obtained data were analyzed based on the paired t-tests, independent tests and bivariate linear regression using SPSS22 software. Results: : In general, the implementation of health education courses significantly increased the average scores of knowledges, attitude, and practices of participant (P value < 0.05). The findings revealed that the average score of knowledge, attitude, and practices of participant before educational intervention were 14.44 ± 3.78, 17.26 ± 2.59, and 9.2 ± 3.25, respectively, which increased to 25.9 ± 3.07, 25.06 ± 3.60, and 14.9 ± 2.94 after educational intervention, respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, a combined educational intervention consisting of lectures, workshops, and practical demonstrations was effective in improving the awareness, attitude, and practices of the food staff in Semirom city, which can improve food preparation processes in the future.},  
Keywords = {Education, Awareness, Attitude, Food Handling, Semirom city},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {382-397}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.382},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1011-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1011-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Zamani-Ahmadmahmoodi, Rasool and Aminian, Sahar and Bayati, Samira and Chamani, Atefeh},  
title = {Evaluation of Water Quality Changes in Zayandehroud River Using IRWQISC Quality Index}, 
abstract ={Background: The examination of the quality of surface water, which is crucial for water supply, has attracted the interest of numerous researchers for a long time. Various indicators are employed to evaluate the quality of water in rivers, and among these indices is the Iran Surface Water Quality Index (IRWQISC). Methods: In this study, water quality changes of Zayandehroud River located in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari and Isfahan provinces were evaluated using IRWQISC yearly. Physicochemical parameters including BOD5, COD, DO, pH, EC, nitrate, phosphate, ammonium, temperature and total hardness were used to calculate the IRWQISC index in 7 selected stations for 12 years (2004-2015). Results: : Comparison electrical (EC) values in the stations showed that, EC increased from the upstream to the downstream of Zayandehroud River, and the concentration of parameters in the first station (Kouhrang tunnel) was much lower than the other stations in most years. The results of IRWQISC index showed that values was relatively good in all stations. The best and lowest water quality according to this index were good and moderate in 2006 and 2010 with the values of 73.2 and 49.6, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, based on the twelve-year average of IRWQISC index, in the selected stations water quality was moderately good in Gharaghush, Cham-nar, Zamankhan Bridge, Kouhrang tunnel, Sudegan and Horeh stations, and was medium in Azadegan station. Identification of pollution sources and controlling inputted pollutants is necessary to protect and prevent the water quality decreasing of the Zayandehroud River.},  
Keywords = {Surface water, Quality index, Zayandehroud, IRWQISC},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {398-411}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.398},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1004-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1004-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Shahrezaie, Sayyed Ali and Radfar, Mahdi and MirabbasiNajafAbadi, Rasoul and Moughadas, Mehrdad and Shahrezaie, Nafiseh Sadat and Mahmoudi, Sharareh},  
title = {Investigating the quality of Isfahan city rainwater under the influence of air pollution in 2018-2019}, 
abstract ={Background: Air pollution is one of the most important problems facing people all over the world today, especially in big cities. The ever-increasing population growth, as well as the increase in vehicles and the number of industrial factories in the city of Isfahan, have led to this city being considered one of the largest industrial cities in Iran. Therefore, this city is considered the second most polluted city in Iran after Tehran. The city of Isfahan faces the crisis of air pollution on many days of the year, which directly and indirectly affects all aspects of people's lives in this city. Among these impacts is the quality of rainwater in the area, which joins the surface and groundwater in the region and affects its quality. This cycle will continue and air pollution will affect the quality of drinking water, agriculture, respiratory diseases and, in a word, the health of the people in this region.Materials and methods: In this study, the effects of air pollution in Isfahan on the quality of rainwater in the 10th district of Isfahan city were investigated. The quality of rainwater was studied based on the World Health Organization standard for drinking water, APHA standard for running water, Chinese standard for agricultural use, and Iranian standard for drinking water and agricultural use. To evaluate the air quality of the region, the statistics of the Isfahan Meteorological Organization station were used and the meteorological parameters were analyzed based on the American Environmental Protection Agency standards. Results: The results showed that the EC value of rainwater is more sensitive than pH to determine the suitability of rainwater quality for drinking uses, so when considering pH, many samples have favorable quality, but when considering EC value of the same sample, the quality of rainwater is unfavorable. The results of air quality monitoring based on the amount of PM2.5 on rainy days showed that 5 days were clean, 13 days were acceptable, and 6 days were unsanitary for sensitive groups. Conclusion: Isfahan urban runoff needs to be treated for drinking but it is suitable for agriculture. The results showed that the EC of rainwater is more dependent than pH to the rainfall depth. The results show that rainfall with a relatively small depth caused a significant increase in EC of stormwater. This decrease in the amount of precipitation has led to an increase in the amount of CO and PM2.5 in the atmosphere. The amount of rainfall did not affect the pH of rainwater, while with the increase of rainfall depth, the EC of rainwater has decreased significantly. In general, rainfall depth has a significant effect on EC concentration of rainwater. The results showed that in all the rainy days, the amount of CO, SO2 and O3 pollutants are in a clean state.},  
Keywords = {Rain water quality, Suspended particles, Air pollution, Isfahan city.},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {412-432}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.412},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-993-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-993-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {CheraghpourAhmadmahmoudi, Nader and Saadat, Mohsen and Zamani-ahmadmahmoodi, Rasool and Avokh, Avi},  
title = {Identification of phytoplankton communities, water quality and eutrophication status in the reservoir of Karun 4}, 
abstract ={Background: One of the major problems of aquatic ecosystems is eutriphication or enrichment of water with nutrients. In this study, the phytoplankton communities in the Karun 4 reservoir were investigated in spring and summer in 2018. Methods: Chlorophyll A and 19 water physicochemical parameters were measured and analyzed at the reservoir in 26 stations. Statistical analysis of data was done in SPSS software. In order to investigate the biological indicators, Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indices were used, and Trophic State Index (TSI) was used to determine the eutriphication status of the lake. Results: Among the 35 identified genera, the phytoplankton populations mostly belonged to the Nephrocitium, Oonephris, Peridinium, Pyrophacus, Dinobryon, Cyclotella, Diatoma, and Chlorella genera. Also, the population of phytoplankton was more in summer than in spring. The Simpson and Shannon-Wiener biodiversity indices were calculated as 0.835±0.031 and 2.01±0.174 in spring and 0.819±0.041 and 2.02±0.21 in summer, respectively. According to the TSI index, the trophic status of the studied reservoir was in the eutrophic range (50-75). The analysis of the main components of principal component analysis showed that in spring, six components explained 80.847% of the total variance, while in summer, eight components explained 83.287% of the total variance. Conclusion: The results showed that the Karun 4 reservoir, which is an important water source in Iran, is in a eutrophic state. This may be due to the increase in temperature in spring and summer, the growth of phytoplankton populations, and the increase in the amount of released ions of industrial and agricultural wastewater, which leads to the eutrophic condition in the reservoir.},  
Keywords = {Karun 4 reservoir, Physicochemical parameters, Phytoplankton, Trophic  Status Index (TSI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA)},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {433-452}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.433},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1005-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1005-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rahimi, Jamshid and Ebrahimi, Hossein and Darvishmotevalli, Mohammad and Ghahri, Asghar and Taheriniya, Ali and Mohammadi, hami},  
title = {The effect of Karaj noise pollution on mental performance of Karaj citizens in 2022}, 
abstract ={Background: Traffic noise is one of the most important causes of noise pollution and also one of the environmental problems in today's societies. According to the World Health Organization, traffic noise is the cause of physiological and psychological disorders. Psychological disorders include impaired mental function, disruption of daily activities, increased rates of traffic accidents, and decreased concentration. Physiological disorders include sleep disorders, hearing loss, hypertension, gastrointestinal disorders, and effects on job performance. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mental performance of introverts and extroverts in the face of traffic noise. Methods: This study was performed on 40 students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The Mental Health Questionnaire were administered to all individuals. Also, traffic noise was recorded by a tape recorder for 15 minutes. Then, the participants were exposed to traffic noise in two modes of calm environment, and in both modes, a strope test was performed while playing the recorded sound. Finally, statistical analysis was performed to find the relationship between exposure to traffic noise and changes in mental function. Results: The results showed that after playing the sound in all participants, the mean consonant time decreased (p = 0.143), while the number of correct consonant responses increased after exposure to sound. (p=0.640) Conclussion: The results of this study showed that traffic noise does not have different effects on the mental function parameters, and there is no significant relationship between voice and age, as well as voice and gender.},  
Keywords = {Noise pollution, Environment, mental performance},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {453-464}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.453},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1002-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1002-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mengelizadeh, Nezamaddin and Ebadi, Parisa and Ghazanfari, Najmeh and Kohestani, Somayeh},  
title = {Evaluation of the performance of heterogeneous electroFenton process with carbon nanotube/Fe@Fe2O3 for the degradation of amoxicillin from aqueous solutions}, 
abstract ={Background: Effluents discharged from pharmaceutical industries contain toxic and persistent compounds, which have raised concerns among environmentalists in recent decades. Recently, various methods have been used to treat pharmaceutical wastewater, among which the electrooxidation process with its unique features, including high efficiency, low secondary pollutant production, and environmental friendliness, has received more attention. In the present study, the efficiency of heterogeneous electro-Fenton process based on Fe@Fe2O3 nanoparticles loaded on CNTs (CNTs/Fe@Fe2O3) in amoxicillin removal was evaluated. Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, CNTs/Fe@Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized as particle electrode and Ti/PbO2 as anode electrode, and their characteristics were determined by scanning electron microscope and X-ray scattering pattern. The effect of operating parameters on the amoxicillin removal rate was evaluated by the heterogeneous electro-Fenton process. Comparative tests were conducted between the adsorption and oxidation processes in antibiotic removal, and finally, the stability of the process based on new electrodes was studied in the cycle of successive electrooxidation reactions Results: The results showed that the electrochemical and adsorption processes have a lower removal efficiency than the heterogeneous electro-Fenton process at pH close to neutral. The maximum removal efficiency of amoxicillin was obtained at pH of 6, particle electrode dosage of 250 mg/L, current density of 25 mA/cm2, and electrolysis time of 120 min. The stability of the electrodes was confirmed by the cycle of successive reactions. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the electro-Fenton process based on newly synthesized electrodes can be suggested in the electrooxidation analysis of antibiotics.},  
Keywords = {Amoxicillin, heterogeneous electrofenton, Ti/PbO2, stability, CNTs/Fe@Fe2O3},
volume = {10},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {465-478}, 
publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.61186/jehe.10.4.465},
url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1007-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1007-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering},  
issn = {2383-3211}, 
eissn = {2588-4239}, 
year = {2023}  
}