@article{ author = {Ghobadi, A. and Cheraghi, M. and Sobhanardakani, S. and Lorestani, B.}, title = {Qualitative Assessment of Groundwater Resources of Asadabad Plain using WQI, Cd, HPI, HEI, PoS and MI Indices in 2018}, abstract ={Nowadays, the increase in population growth rate and followed by anthropogenic activities such as urbanization, industrialization, mining and agriculture practices continuously increase the amount of heavy metals in the environment especially groundwater resources. Therefore, qualitative assessment of groundwater resources is of great importance for maintaining public health and for this reason, this study was conducted to qualitative assessment of groundwater resources of Asadabad Plain using WQI, Cd, HPI, HEI, PoS and MI indices in 2018. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 120 groundwater samples were collected from 20 stations in the spring and the summer seasons and their temperature, pH and EC values were measured on-site. In the laboratory, the values of physicochemical parameters were determined according to the standard methods. Also, the content of heavy metals was determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the average concentrations of Na, PO4-, Cl-, Ca, Mg and NO3- (mg/L) in samples of the spring season were 21.8, 0.230, 0.170, 69.0, 21.1 and 19.3, respectively; and in the summer season were 8.14, 0.190, 0.160, 75.3, 15.6 and 19.8, respectively. Also, the average concentrations of As, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Ni (μg/L) in samples of the spring season were 5.10, 1.61, 0.970, 7.82, 0.230, 1.25, 3.58, 0.360, and 1.30; and in the summer season were 21.4, 1.62, 1.24, 7.63, 0.200, 1.00, 6.73, 0.430, and 1.01, respectively, and except for As in samples of the summer season, the average concentrations of all elements in groundwater samples of both seasons were lower than the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) established by WHO for drinking water. In addition, water quality index (WQI), pollution index (Cd), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), quality index (PoS) and heavy metal index (MI) of samples of the spring season with values of 18.2, -7.53, 9.86, 1.64, 298 and 1.64, respectively, indicate the quality of groundwater were categorized in "excellent and very good", "low pollution", "low pollution", "low pollution", "low pollution" and " slightly affected" classes and in the summer season with values ​​of 17.9, -5.94, 9.86, 3.05, 602, 3.05, respectively, were categorized in "excellent and very good", "low pollution", "low pollution", "low pollution", "high pollution" and "moderately affected" classes. Conclusion: Although only the average values of As in groundwater samples of the summer season were higher than the MPC, management of the use of agricultural inputs such as pesticides, chemical and organic fertilizers and municipal wastewater for irrigation to maintain the quality of groundwater resources of the study area is recommended.}, Keywords = {Aquifer, Heavy metals, Drinking water, Water quality, Anthropogenic activities}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-21}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.1}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-894-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-894-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Asgari, Esrafil and Sheikhmohammadi, Amir and Hashemzadeh, Bayram}, title = {Improving the efficiency of advanced photocatalytic oxidation process in the presence of sulfite for decomposition of metronidazole from aqueous solutions}, abstract ={ Metronidazole antibiotic is belong to the nitroimidazole family. Non degradability, high solubility in water, toxicity, carcinogenicity and mutagenicity are important concerns related to antibiotics. Therefore, the aim of this study is to apply the new advanced oxidation process of UV/zinc oxide/sulfite (UZS) to degrade metronidazole from aqueous solutions. Methods: In this study, the effect of pH, sulfite to zinc oxide ratio, initial metronidazole concentration and contact time on the performance of the UV/sulfite/zinc oxide process in the degradation of metronidazole was studied. The residual concentration of metronidazole was measured by HPLC (Cecil model 4900 CE). Results: The results showed more than 90 % antibiotic is degraded at pH = 12 and the molar ratio of sulfite to zinc oxide 1 to 3 after 5 min of the reaction. Although the antibiotic degradation rate in the UZS process was very high, based on the GC-MASS analysis, the mineralization rate was not sufficient. The several metabolites were detected in the UZS process effluent and the degradation pathway was proposed based on the identified metabolites. It was observed the kinetic coefficient of robs (mg/L. min) to degrade the metronidazole by UZS was 6.92 time and 15 time of UV/zinc oxide and UV alone processes, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, the UV/zinc oxide/sulfite process, due to the higher robs value as well as the higher efficiency value ​​than those of the UV/zinc oxide and UV alone processes, can be considered as a suitable and economical option in the degradation of metronidazole antibiotic and the similar compounds.}, Keywords = {Metronidazole, Sulfite, Zinc oxide, Advanced oxidation, Aqueous solutions.}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {22-40}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.22}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-895-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-895-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Jalilian, S. and Sobhanardakani, S. and Cheraghi, M. and Monavari, S.M. and Lorestani, B.}, title = {Landfill site selection for municipal solid waste with combining SWARA technique and COPRAS method using GIS (Case study: Kermanshah, Iran)}, abstract ={The selection of municipal solid waste landfills is significant because it controls environmental pollution and its problems. Since site selection is a time-consuming and multifaceted process involving various socio-economic and environmental parameters, it requires expert opinion, extensive information resources, and multi-criteria methods. Therefore, this study was carried out for landfill site selection of municipal solid waste of city of Kermanshah combining SWARA technique and Copras method using GIS in 2019. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive study, the Copras method and SWARA technique were selected as multi-criterion decision-making methods (MCDM) were used. Also, the environmental and socio-economic criteria including height above sea level, geographical direction, slope, distance from the protected areas, distance from the agricultural areas, land use, distance from the road, distance from the airport, distance from railway lines, distance from transmission lines, surface and groundwater resources, distance from residential areas, distance from faults, type of vegetation and soil type were evaluated by seven environmental specialists. Results: The results of the SWARA method showed that the water resources criterion with a final weight of 0.300 is the most important criterion. Also, the type of soil and the distance from agricultural lands with a final weight of 0.202 and 0.119, respectively are the others. While, slope, distance from transmission lines and distance from fault with final weights of 0.020, 0.015 and 0.015 were the least important criteria for site selection. Besides, the results of the Copras method showed that the southwestern areas of the city of Kermanshah had better conditions for disposal of municipal solid waste due to their characteristics such as distance from residential areas and agricultural lands, suitable slope, and proper road access. Thus, the "Shah Vali" site with an approximate area of 90 ha was suggested as a landfill for municipal solid waste in city of Kermanshah for the next 20 years. Conclusion: In general, based on the results obtained, SWARA and Copras methods, due to their novelty, high flexibility, and accuracy in presenting the results, could be an excellent alternative to the other conventional weighting methods. Consequently, we can confident to their final proposed options, which have suitable characteristics of the landfill. Finally, given that landfill site selection is one of the most critical environmental issues in metropolitan areas, consider other criteria such as demographic parameters and the application of newer multi-criteria decision-making methods such as ARAS and MULTIMOORA in site selection studies are recommended.}, Keywords = {Waste disposal, Solid waste, Site selection, Decision making, Geographical information system}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-58}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.41}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-896-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-896-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Younesian, M. and Cheraghi, M. and Sobhanardakani, S. and Lorestani, B. and Merrikhpour, H.}, title = {Assessing the effects of bio-organic and chemical fertilizers application on absorption of macronutrients and heavy metals in vegetables (Case study: Lepidium sativum)}, abstract ={Long-term used of sewage sludge and fertilizer causes accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, which may lead to excessive absorption of these elements by plants and consequently entering these toxic metals into the human and animal food chain. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of bio-organic and chemical fertilizers application on the absorption of macronutrients and heavy metals in Lepidium sativum. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive study, the experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications in the environment and greenhouse conditions. Fertilizer treatments included chemical fertilizer treatment (diammonium phosphate), anaerobically digested sludge compost, sludge compost without digestion and raw sludge at the weight of 28, 57 and 115 g and control treatment. Finally, the concentrations of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Hg and As and macronutrients including phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon in the leaf of L. sativum were measured using ICP-OES. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Results: The results showed that the maximum mean concentrations of As and nitrogen in L. sativum vegetables were 0.592 and 10.2 mg/kg in 115 g raw sludge treatment, the maximum mean concentration of Cd, Hg, Pb, carbon and phosphorus elements in L. sativum were 0.956, 0.701, 1.25, 98.5 and 10.3 mg/kg, respectively in 115 g treatment raw diammonium phosphate fertilizer. The results of variance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between fertilizer, sludge and control treatment and there was a significant difference between amounts 28, 57 and 115 g from fertilizer treatment in L. sativum in terms of concentration of heavy metals and macronutrients (p < 0.050). Conclusion: In conclusion, it was concluded that increasing the amount of fertilizer and sludge in the soil leads to an increase in the concentration of heavy metals and macro nutrients in L. sativum. Therefore, in the use of fertilizers and sludge for agricultural lands, it is necessary to pay attention to this issue. It was also found that the highest uptake of heavy metals and macronutrients in L. sativum was related to raw sludge treatment and diammonium phosphate fertilizer, which is indicating better quality of compost with respect to chemical fertilizer and raw sludge.}, Keywords = {Bio-organic fertilizer, Chemical fertilizer, Heavy metals, Macronutrient, Lepidium sativum}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {59-72}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.59}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-897-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-897-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {SadeghiVasafi, Golamreza and Fatehizadeh, Ali and Zamani-Alavijeh, Fereshteh and Hassanzadeh, Akbar}, title = {Survey on effect of education on monitoring of rural water supply systems in health workers in Shahreza in 2020}, abstract ={Monitoring and supervising public water systems correctly by health workers in rural areas can reduce the prevalence of waterborne diseases. Through educational interventions in Shahreza city, we are aiming to improve health workers' knowledge and increase their ability to apply what they have learned about monitoring and supervising rural water supply systems. Materials and methods: As a training course and as an intervention, Shahreza's health workers took part in this study. We used a checklist of water supply systems completed by health workers to collect information about their level of knowledge, their pre-test results, and other relevant information about the current situation. After identifying the lack of knowledge of health workers, the topics the training course should cover were compiled. Following the training course, a post-test was administered to health workers, and checklists completed by the workers before and after the intervention were compared. Using SPSS22 software and paired t-tests and Wilcoxon tests, the data were analyzed, and the effects of the educational intervention measured. Results: Before and after the educational intervention, the mean scores were 46.2±8.6 and 88.4±8.2, respectively, which indicated a significant difference (P value<0.001). The average risk percentage of all water supply systems decreased from 35.4±5.2 to 19.27±7.6% after the educational intervention, which indicates that the average risk percentage was significantly lower after the intervention than before the intervention (P value<0.001). Conclusion: This study found that the educational interventions improved both the performance and knowledge of health workers, as well as reducing the risk associated with water supply systems in the rural area.}, Keywords = {Drinking water, water supply systems, monitoring, chlorination}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {73-84}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.73}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-898-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-898-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mousavifard, Seyedeh Azar and Jozi, Seyed Ali and Zaimdar, Mojgan and RezazadehAzari, Mansour}, title = {Estimation of the criticality of a fire incidence in the form of energy rate, burning time, and flame height in the Karaj Petroleum Depot (1399)}, abstract ={In case of ignition and explosion of oil depot, it will cause a lot of human and financial losses because there is a large population around it. . Therefore, understanding how fire spread and fire modeling by using CFD software to predict the outcome of accidents and their potential effects are very helpful .This research examines for the first time dangerous and unexpected scenarios of explosion and ignition in oil sites using advanced Fluent and monitoring software in the country and seeks to preserve the life and financial assets of the areas around the oil depot. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical research that was conducted in 1399 in one of the country's oil depots. Hurly formula and Ansys Fluent 15 software were used to estimate the energy rate from burning tanks, flame height and burning time of oil tanks. In this method, effective factors by dividing the case area into smaller elements and applying boundary conditions for boundary nodes were determined Results: Energy and temperature due to burning materials in all tanks is about 139072.7 kW and 4000 degrees Kelvin. In case of ignition and explosion of oil, ambient temperature will be added about 70 degrees Celsius. Residential areas closer to the oil depot, including the grain depot, barracks and prison, Razkan Noo residential areas, parts of Banafsheh residential town and the railway area along this route will be more affected by this increase in temperature. The maximum burning time of the tank is six and a half hours and the minimum time was estimated at about 5 hours. The highest flame was calculated to be 70.60 meters. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that if a fire occurs in the tanks. Different areas, including residential and industrial, are in the path of spreading pollution caused by fire. Due to the distance and severity of pollution produced, it can cause many financial and human losses. The results of this study showed that if a fire occurs in the tanks. Various areas are in the path of spreading pollution caused by fire, including residential and industrial, Due to the severity of pollution produced and the extent of areas involved it is predictable human and financial losses.}, Keywords = {Energy rate, Flame height, Burning time, Fluent Software, Oil depot}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {85-100}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.85}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-899-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-899-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {NikeghbaliSisakht, Nader and MohammediRouzbahani, Maryam and Sabzalipour, Sim}, title = {Simulation of methanol synthesis by hydrogenation of carbon dioxide recovered from combustion gases of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit of Abadan Refinery}, abstract ={Refineries produce about four percent of the global carbon dioxide emissions, close to one billion tons per year. Globally, the refining sector is the third largest producer of carbon dioxide after the electricity generation and cement industry.This greenhouse gases is a major cause of global warming and climate change and is a serious threat to human health and the environment. One way to reduce this greenhouse gas into the atmosphere is to reduce carbon dioxide by reversing this gas in the fuel cycle.The Fluid Catalytic Cracking unit (FCCU) is one of the emissions sources of this greenhouse gas in Abadan Refinery,which produces 230 tons per hour of combustion gases,it has 12.7% mole of carbon dioxide. Identifying the sources of carbon dioxide emissions in Abadan Refinery and simulating the chemical absorption of this greenhouse gas and converting it into methanol fuel is one of the objectives of this study.  Methods: In this research, the concentration of carbon dioxide emitted from the emission sources of Abadan Refinery has been measured by Testo 350-XL and GC. Due to the fact that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the combustion gases of the FCC unit was the highest amount, so the chemical absorption of carbon dioxide from the combustion gases of this unit by 30 wt% diethanolamine solvent and converted into methanol during a hydrogenation reaction has been simulated with Aspen Hysys software. Finally, the economic calculations of the project were performed. Results: The overall efficiency of chemical absorption of CO2 in the simulation with software is 92% and the purity of captured CO2 is 94.6%. With this method, 1003 ton per day of carbon dioxide in FCC unit can be absorbed and recovered and also converted into methanol product. In the simulation of the conversion of recovered carbon dioxide into methanol, the amount of 686 ton per day of methanol with a purity of 99.8% was obtained. The economic calculations of the project show that the cost of reducing emissions per ton of carbon dioxide is $ 19. The internal rate of return on the project is 22% and the net present value of the project is $ 92 million. The return time on investment of this project is 3 years. Conclusion: Diethanolamine has a high efficiency in absorbing carbon dioxide from combustion gases.By chemical absorption method with this amine, carbon dioxide pollutant can be recovered from combustion gases that produced in refineries and used as an inexpensive feed to produce methanol fuel.This method, in addition to creating added value, prevented the emission of this greenhouse gas into the environment.}, Keywords = {CO2 Chemical Absorption, FCCU, Diethanolamine, Methanol, Aspen Hysys Simulation}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {101-124}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.101}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-900-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-900-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ranjbaran, Samira and Sobhanardakani, Soheil and Cheraghi, Mehrdad and Lorestani, Bahareh and KianiSadr, Maryam}, title = {Analysis, source identification and health risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in surface soils from different land types of northern, eastern and western parts of city of Tehran, Iran}, abstract ={Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants that due to their characteristics including bioaccumulation potential and persistence in the environment; can pose adverse effects on human and environmental health. Therefore, this study was performed to analysis, source identification and health risk assessment of PCBs in surface soil samples collected from some land types of northern, eastern and western parts of city of Tehran in 2019. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 45 surface soil samples were collected from 15 sampling sites including business districts, residential areas, cultural and educational areas, public green space and roadside. After extraction of analytes, the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was used to determination of PCBs in the soil specimens. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software. Results: Based on the results obtained, 13 congeners of PCBs were detected in the analyzed soil samples. Also, the minimum, maximum and mean concentrations of ∑13PCBs (µg/kg) were 0.031, 23.1 and 6.77, respectively. Moreover, the results of principal component analysis (PCA) and significant distribution of low molecular weight homologues of PCBs in the analyzed soil samples indicated that the presence of PCB compounds in the soil samples would be connected with combustion processes in the soil. Besides, since among the detected PCBs, the TEF values only established for PCB189, therefore, exposure to contaminated soil with this congener could be lead to a "very low level of carcinogenic risk". Conclusion: Given that PCBs have adverse effects on the environment and human health, detection, content determination, source identification and periodic monitoring of these compounds in different mediums especially water and soil for human and environmental health maintenance are recommended}, Keywords = {Soil contamination, Polychlorinated biphenyls, Carcinogenic risk, Multivariate analysis, Tehran.}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {125-144}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.52547/jehe.9.1.125}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-901-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-901-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Neisi, Abdolkazem and Goudarzi, Gholamreza and AhmadiAngali, Kambiz and Nejat, Seyed Hami}, title = {Evaluation of Suspended Particles Concentration (PM2.5 and PM10) and its Relationship with Death Rate Due to Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases 2014-2017, in Susangard City, Khuzestan Province, Iran}, abstract ={Background: Air pollution is an important environmental issue due to its proven serious impacts on human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of suspended particles (PM2.5 and PM10) and its relationship with the rate of death due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Susangard during 2014-2016. Methods: This study was performed cross -sectional to assess health impacts of PM2.5 and PM10 by using Air Q software. Results: The results showed that the highest annual average concentration was of PM2.5 and PM10 in 2016, which consisted of 58.07 and 356.89 μg/m3, respectively. The highest and lowest average concentration of PM2.5 was observed in April and December, respectively, and the highest and lowest average concentration of PM10 in July and November. Daily analysis showed that there was 178 dusty out of three years of the study, the most severe dust day occurred in 2016. Percentage of overall mortality attributed to PM2.5 in people over 30 years of age according to the estimate of the average relative risk in 2014-16 equal to 25.23%, 20.6% and 24.21%, The mortality attributed to ischemic heart disease was 62.87%, 60.74% and 43.62%, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicate that the health effects attributed to PM2.5 included mortality for all-causes, cardiovascular and respiratory deaths in the city of Susangerd, which requires more attention from officials and specialists to control air pollution.}, Keywords = {Air pollution, AirQ software, Susangerd, PM2.5 and PM10}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {145-156}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.145}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-920-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-920-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Tahmasbi, Ameneh and Amiri, Fazel}, title = {Effect of Municipal Wastewater on the Accumulation of Heavy Metals Cadmium and Lead in Soil and Corn}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Using wastewater as a renewable water source to irrigate plants is a safe and effective solution. In contrast, the accumulation of heavy elements in soil and plants is one of the concerns of the use of wastewater in agriculture. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of urban wastewater use on the most important physiological parameters related to the growth of corn (Zea mays L., KSC 704) and the accumulation of heavy metals lead and cadmium in the soil in a field Bushkan area of Dashtestan, Bushehr in a pot. Materials and Methods: This study was performed in 4 treatments: wastewater of the treatment plant, wastewater diluted with drinking water (1/2), Irrigation one on one with wastewater and drinking water and drinking water treatment, in 3 replications in a completely randomized design. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) content in soil and plants were measured by ICP. pH and Electrical conductivity (EC) of soil and wet and dry weight of the Corn organs were measured. The means were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Duncan test was used to determine the differences between groups (p <0.05). Results: The results of this study showed that irrigation with EC wastewater increased the soil by 1.1 (ds.m-1), also increased soil cadmium by 0.03 (mg.kg-1) and lead by 0.02 (mg.kg-1). Dilution of the wastewater reduced the negative effects of the wastewater on the soil. The highest wet weight added of 1500 g was related to irrigation treatment with diluted wastewater. The highest dry weight added was observed with 600 g of irrigation treatment with diluted wastewater. The lowest total wet weight added of 1100 g and total dry weight added of 400 g were observed in the wastewater treatment.  The accumulation of lead and cadmium in the corn seed was (0.6 lead, 0.5 cadmium) <stem (0.9 lead, 0.8 cadmium) <root (lead 1.9, 0.95 cadmium), respectively. The highest accumulation of lead and cadmium was related to wastewater treatment and the lowest was related to drinking water treatment. Conclusion: The higher the cadmium levels in the soil, the higher the concentration and content of cadmium in the roots and shoots. The results showed that the corn plant has a high ability to absorb and transport cadmium and lead. Due to the pattern of accumulation of heavy elements of lead and cadmium in the roots of corn, this plant can be used for accumulation of fields irrigated with wastewater. The continuation of this study is recommended to evaluate the long-term effects of municipal treated wastewater on the concentration of heavy elements in soil and plants, and soil properties, although it should be noted that based on technical recommendations, the use of treated wastewater are not recommended, however, in necessary cases, diluting of wastewater by reducing the destructive effects and providing the necessary elements for the growth of the Corn can be used as an indicator treatment in irrigation. Also, it is suggested that in order to use the wastewater in corn cultivation, while increasing growth and yield, the risk of using the wastewater in corn cultivation should be evaluated from an environmental point of view.}, Keywords = {Heavy metals, Municipal wastewater, Biotransmission coefficient, Soil pollution}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {157-172}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.157}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-921-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-921-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {bagheri, Azam and Momen-Heravi, Mansooreh and Rahimi, Habibollah and shabkolahi, ferdovs and HesamiArani, Mohse}, title = {The Study of Epidemiological Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Aran and Bidgol City, and the Impact of Climatic Factors on that during 2016-2019}, abstract ={Background: Leishmaniasis, a common parasitic disease between humans and animals, which is currently one of the major health problems in many parts of Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Aran and Bidgol and the effects of climatic factors on that during 2016-2019. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed by referring to the health records of 964 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in Aran and Bidgol during 2016-2019 and epidemiological information was recorded. In addition, the climatic characteristics of the study area, including temperature, humidity, and precipitation were collected from the meteorological station of the study area. Then correlation analysis was performed between meteorological elements and the incidence of the disease. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Results: 60% of the patients were male. The age group of 0-10 years had the highest frequency (23.9%) among patients. Also, 47.7% of the patients had a history of traveling to endemic areas and the highest rate of leishmaniasis was related to urban residents. There was also a weak positive correlation between humidity and rainfall with leishmaniasis incidence (r = +0.55).  A weak negative correlation was also observed between temperature of the environment and leishmaniasis incidence (r = -0.42). Conclusion: Due to the significant increase in cutaneous leishmaniasis in recent years in the area, as well as the appropriate ecological conditions of the area for sand fly activity, it is recommended to conduct the necessary training to observe health in hot seasons and field controls, such as baiting.}, Keywords = {Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Climatic Elements, Epidemiology, Aran and Bidgol}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {173-188}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.173}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-922-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-922-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Naghdi, Soudabe and Mirmohammadi, Mohsen and Karimzadegan, Hassan and Ghodui, Jamal}, title = {Atmospheric dispersion modeling and health effects of PM2.5 released from automotive industries (case study of Saipa)}, abstract ={  Background: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems and various industries are sources of air pollutants, especially particulate matter. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the health effects of particulate matter released in the automotive industry. Methods: In this research, after measuring the concentrations with the WESTECH, monthly during 2021, the distribution of PM2.5 around Saipa was modeled with AERMOD, the population of given area was determined through Zonal statistic of Arc GIS and finally health risk assessment was assessed through Air Q+ model. Results: The results showed that the maximum concentrations of PM2.5 in the hourly and annual time periods were 1015.03 and 581.10 µg/m3, respectively. The results of quantitative risk assessment show that with increasing particulate matter from 25 µg/m3, the relative risk of respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease was increased by 1.9 and 91%, respectively, and with increasing particulate matter by 10µg/m3 The relative risk of mortality was increased by 6.2%. Conclusion: Short-term exposure to fine particles increases the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and in case of long-term exposure, the risk of cancer, non-cancer, and mortality are increased.}, Keywords = {Air pollution, suspended particles, Tehran, automotive industry}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {189-206}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.189}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-923-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-923-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Birjandi, Noushin and Ghobadi, Mortez}, title = {Investigation of Climatic Effects of Fine Dust on Air Pollution in Southwestern Iran}, abstract ={Background and Objectives: The dust pollution in the air of cities is one of the environmental problems in the western and southwestern regions of Iran, which can have many effects on the environment and human life. The purpose of this study is the assessment of dust pollution, the effect of climatic parameters on it and the field of view in the southwestern regions of Iran. Methods: In this study, different statistical periods of four cities in southwestern of Iran including Ahvaz, Abadan, Khorramabad and Poldakhtar were studied during the years 2010 to 2019. The number of dusty days, speed and direction of maximum wind and reduction of field of view were evaluated as annual and seasonal climatic parameters Result: The results showed that the maximum of dusty days accured in the spring and summer in the cities of Ahvaz, Abadan, Khorramabad and Poldakhtar, respectively. The minimum of dusty days in the all stations occurred in autumn. The results also showed that in all cities, except Ahvaz, the seasons with the highest amount of dusty days (spring and summer) do not correspond to the seasons of maximum wind speed, which indicates the external sources of the dust phenomenon. Conclusion: According to the results, increasing the distance from external dust sources of Arab countries such as Iraq and Saudi Arabia, the dust sources become local and internal sources. Vegetation around cities reduces the entry of dust into cities and is considered as an effective factor in reducing pollution in the region.}, Keywords = {Dust, Air Pollution, Climatic Processes, Environment, Iran}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {207-222}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.207}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-924-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-924-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Asgari, Ghorban and Samargandi, Mohammad Reza and Seid-Mohammadi, Abdolmotaleb and Jamshidi, Rez}, title = {Advanced Oxidation Process Based Sulfate Radical (AOP-SR) in a UV Reactor to Remove Pentachlorophenol from Aqueous Media}, abstract ={Background & Objectives: In recent years, due to water shortages and rapid industrial growth, the treatment and reuse of industrial wastewater has become of great importance. Phenol and its derivatives can be mentioned as wastewater pollutants that have a destructive effect on the environment. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is one of these derivatives that may be carcinogenic to humans, and wastewater treatment containing PCP is required. Therefore, the aim of this study was to remove PCP from aqueous media. Materials and Methods: Effective operating parameters such as initial PCP concentration (25, 50, 100, and 150 mg/L), persulfate concentration (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L), solution pH (5, 7, 9, and 11), and reaction time (10, 20, 30, and 40 min) were investigated. After the removal of PCP, an experimental design based on an orthogonal array using the Taguchi method was proposed. Results: Based on the results, 98.78% of PCP in the optimal conditions (initial concentration of PCP of 25 mg/L, concentration of sodium sulfate (Na-PS) of 20 mg/L, pH = 11, and reaction time of 40 min) was removed. In this process, the COD and TOC removal rates were 82.3% and 61%, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that persulfate is the most effective factor in the removal of PCP in the persulfate/UV process. Conclusion: Persulfate/UV processes as an advanced oxidation process, powerful and environmentally friendly, can be used in wastewater treatment containing phenolic compounds, including PCP.}, Keywords = {Persulfate, UV lamp, Sulfate radical, Pentachlorophenol, Taguchi.}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {223-238}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.223}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-925-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-925-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Alhamd, Mehdi and Tabatabaie, Tayebeh and Parseh, Iman and Amiri, Fazel and Mengelizadeh, Nezamaddi}, title = {Evaluation of efficiency of copper-nickel ferrite nanoparticles loaded onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes in activation of peroxymonosulfate for degradation of reactive black dye 5 from aqueous solutions}, abstract ={Background and Aim: The development of industry has recently led to the release of 2 × 105 tons of colored wastewater into the environment. The presence of these solutions due to their toxicity and carcinogenic potential can be a threat to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4 nanocomposite in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for degradation of reactive black 5 dye (RB5). Methods: In this study, nanocomposites were characterized by diagnostic techniques of SEM, TEM, FTIR, and XRD. Influence of operating parameters such as pH (2-11), nanocomposite concentration (10-750 mg/L), PMS concentration (0.25-8 mM), dye concentration (10-250 mg/L), and reaction time (0-60 min) was evaluated. Stability and scavenging tests of reactive species under optimal conditions were studied. Results: The results showed that the MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4/PMS system has a high performance in RB5 degradation compared to systems such as PMS, MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4 and CuFe2O4/PMS.  RB5 degradation complete was obtained at pH of 7, the composite concentration of 250 mg/L, the PMS concentration of 4 mM, and the reaction time of 15 minutes. Suitable treatment of real solutions due to the presence of interfering materials requires a reaction time above 240 min. Stability tests for 5 reaction cycles showed that MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4 could be a recyclable catalyst in PMS activation. Conclusion: The synthesized composite can be used as a catalyst to activate PMS in RB5 dye removal due to its recyclability and high efficiency.}, Keywords = {Nanocomposite, MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4, Peroxymonosulfate, Recycling, Catalysis.}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {239-256}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.239}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-926-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-926-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Najafpoor, Ali Asghar and JonidiJafari, Ahmad and NooriSepehr, Mohammad and Dousti, Si}, title = {Investigating the Relationship Between Air Pollution and the Incidence Rate of Lung and Hematologic Neoplasms in Tehran}, abstract ={Background: Air pollution in large cities is one of the main difficulties that have harmful effects on humans and cause various diseases including cancers. So, present study with aim of determination the relation between air pollution and Incidence rate of two most common cancer in Tehran were performed.  Methods: at first, hourly data of pollutants including of CO, NO2, O3, SO2, PM10 were  taken  from  the  environmental  protection  agency  Tehran  and  Air  Quality  Control  Company and Archived documents of Disease data were acquired from Iran University of Medical Sciences .Then, descriptive studies were performed on criteria air pollutants and dependent variable . Finally, inferential tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to determine the relationship between air pollution and the incidence rate of Lung and Hematologic Neoplasms. Results: Results showed there was significant relationship between PM10/O3 and among men and women. The correlation of coefficients between PM10 and O3 with Number of cases of disease in men  and women were 0.904, 0.882, 0.924, 0.931, 0.856, 0.949, 0.976, 0.860 respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, there were positive relationship between PM10/O3 and incidence rate of Lung and Hematologic Neoplasms among men and women. Due to the high level of ozone and airborne particles and their health consequences, Continuous and further prevention and control measures should be developed to alleviate the situation of the two air pollutants.}, Keywords = {Air pollution, Incidence rate, Lung Neoplasms, Hematologic Neoplasms}, volume = {9}, Number = {2}, pages = {257-278}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.2.257}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-927-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-927-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {alimohammadi, Mehdi and Behbahaninia, Azita and farahani, Maryam and Motahari, Saee}, title = {Evaluation of Concentration of BTEX and PAHs and Its Effective Parameters in Gasoline Fuel Distribution Stations: A Case Study in Single Purpose Stations in Karaj}, abstract ={Background and Objective: One of the sources of emissions of BTEX and PAHs is fuel distribution stations in cities. This study aimed to evaluate and monitor the concentrations of BTEX and PAHs and the parameters affecting them in gasoline distribution stations in Karaj. Materials and Methods: Sampling was performed to determine the concentration of BTEX and PAHs and the parameters affecting it in the winter of 2020 from 5 fuel distribution stations in the morning, noon, evening, and night at intervals of zero, 50, and 100 meters. The standard method 1501 provided by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health was used to measure the concentration of BTEX compounds, and the TO-17 EPA standard method was used to measure PAHs. Dwyer measured temperature and humidity at the sampling points. Results: Most of the BTEX concentration values ​​were related to the fuel station in the city center. The concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene at zero distance from the source in the morning were 133, 311, 207, and 266 μg.m-3, respectively (maximum concentration compared to other times). The minimum concentration was determined at night. The benzene concentration in all the studied sites was higher than the environmental permissible limits. There was a significant relationship between BTEX concentration and site location, the time interval during the day, distance from the site, and psychometric parameters such as temperature and humidity. Conclusion: Benzene concentration was higher than the environmental allowable limit in all stations. Climatic parameters and the variables of population density, location, distance from the place of release, and time interval were effective parameters in the exposure rate. Therefore, by controlling the above variables, a practical step can be taken to plan control measures and reduce the emission of these pollutants. Also, the present study's findings can help predict daily changes in the concentration of these compounds in different parts of the city and determine the points and times with a high probability of exposure.}, Keywords = {BTEX, PAHs, Fuel Station, Environment,}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {279-294}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.279}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-938-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-938-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {NouriGoushki, Maryam and Nozari, Maji}, title = {Investigating the Effectiveness of Different Disinfectants in Removing the Coronavirus: A Review Study}, abstract ={Viral infections have caused various diseases and deaths worldwide. In recent years, the emergence of the coronavirus has caused severe respiratory tract infections and led to a global concern. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of various disinfectants that have been used to control the coronavirus. Methods: The present study is a systematic review. Data was collected through searching articles in databases, including Springer, Google Scholar, Prospero, Cochrane, ISI, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, and DOAJ. After searching and collecting articles related to the goal, the articles were categorized. The required data were extracted and finally analyzed. Results: The review of various studies showed that the coronavirus could remain infectious on inanimate surfaces for 9 days. Also, some studies have reported the presence of the coronavirus in feces. The articles' findings revealed that the coronavirus infectivity on surfaces is reduced by 62-71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide, and 0.1% sodium hypochlorite at 1 min. Also, the coronavirus in septic tank wastewater is inactivated by 800 to 6700 g/m3 of sodium hypochlorite at a contact time of 1.5 hours. In addition, the coronavirus in air aerosols is reduced under UVC radiation by 5 logs at 4 to 9 seconds. Conclusion: Effective drugs and vaccines have been made for the covid-19 disease to date. However, due to the unexpected mutations of the coronavirus, identifying disinfectants effective in removing different strains of the coronavirus from different surfaces and environments can be a suitable measure to prevent the spread of the covid-19 disease.}, Keywords = {Disinfectants, Disinfection, Coronavirus, Covid-19, Wastewater, Metals nanoparticle}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {295-312}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.295}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-939-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-939-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Azimi-Yancheshmeh, Rokhsareh and Moeinaddini, Mazaher and Mazloomi, Sohrab and FeyzNia, Sadat and Shahbazi, Rez}, title = {Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Street Dust of Karaj City in 2018}, abstract ={Background: In the last two decades, air pollution has become a serious problem, leading to a variety of harmful health effects. Street dust is a complex combination of pollutants from different sources, which can be a good indicator of air quality in the urban environment. So, this study was conducted to assess the health risk of toxic metals associated with street dust and identify their emission sources. Materials and Method: Dust samples were collected from three high-traffic districts in Karaj. After acid digestion, Cu, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ca, Ba, Sr, Li, Ti, Na, Mg, K, Fe, Al and V were measured using ICP-OES and Cd, Co, W and Pb were measured using ICP-MS. Results: The results of the measurement of elements in the street dust of Karaj indicated that compared to the amounts of elements in the earth's crust, the concentration (mg/kg) of Cd (X =0.9), Zn (X =479.15), Cu (X =159.37) and Pb (X =113.57) were at a very high level and the concentration (mg/kg) of Ni (X =69.36), Cr (X =93.96), Co (X =21.06), W (X =5.73) and Ca (X =75900) were at a relatively high level. In contrast, the concentrations of other elements (Ba, Mn, V, Sr, Ti, Li, Mg, Na, Ka, Fe, and Al) were in the range of values found in the earth's crust. Cluster analysis showed that Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Co, and Ca were mainly caused by anthropogenic activities, while other studied metals were associated with natural sources. Ingestion of dust particles was the main exposure pathway of toxic metals for both adults and children in Karaj. The Hazard Index (HI) in the children was higher than the adults, but it was lower than the safe level (HI≤1) in the both groups. Co, Cr and Cd had the highest carcinogenic risk among the studied metals. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the street dust of Karaj is highly contaminated with toxic metals that long-term exposure with them can cause harmful effects, especially in children. Therefore, continuous monitoring of metal pollutants especially Co, Cr and Cd is recommended.}, Keywords = {Metals, Health risk, Street dust, Karaj}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {313-332}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.313}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-940-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-940-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Mousavifard, Seyedeh Azar and Ardestani, Mozghan and Mousavikia, Seyedeh Fatemeh and Zarei, Fatemeh}, title = {Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study In One of the Adhesives Manufacturing Industries of Alborz Province in 2020}, abstract ={Background & Objective: Adhesive industry workers exposed to different harmful agents. Unfortunately, working conditions and related health issues have not improved. Therefore, a comprehensive risk assessment program seems necessary to identify the risk factors and tasks. Accordingly, this study was conducted to assess the health risk in one of the adhesive industries. Materials & Methods: The cross-sectional case study was conducted in 2020 in an adhesive production and packaging industry. A total of 68 people were working in various parts. The instrument studied was the method provided by the Ministry of Human Resources of the Malaysian Department of Occupational Safety and Health and a sample of health risk assessment in the oil and gas industry. Result: Based on the results of this study, 24 chemical risks and 74 non-chemical risks identified and evaluated. The chemical risk assessment showed that 69.56% (16 people) were exposed to low and insignificant risk levels, 26.1% (6 people) with medium risk levels and 4.34% (1 person) with high-risk levels. The highest level of chemical hazards risk (risk degree = 3.87) is assigned to the tape printing unit and the job of the tape printing operator. Released toluene in this job is a significant factor in this level of risk. After toluene, benzene and methylene chloride had the highest risk. Among the non-chemical risks studied, ergonomic health risk was the priority, and the warehouse worker had the highest level of risk. Conclusion: Although, there is no very high level of health risk (requiring immediate action). However, we may see adverse health effects on employees' health in the future, due to the chemical nature of the materials used and the synergistic effects between these materials and other harmful factors (such as sound).}, Keywords = {Risk assessment, Health risk assessment, Adhesives, Industry}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {333-348}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.333}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-941-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-941-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Hosseini, Nayereh Sadat and Sobhanardakani, Soheil}, title = {Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in Surface Soils Along some Roads of City of Hamedan}, abstract ={Background & Objective: The road traffic has become one of the main sources of metal pollution and could affect roadside soils. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the pollution and toxicity potential of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in surface soils along some roads of city of Hamedan in 2019. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 63 surface soil samples were collected along 700 m of a 9 km section of Goltepe, Razan and Kermanshah roads. After samples preparation, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni contents were determined using ICP-OES. The enrichment factor (EF), mean effect range-median quotient (mERM-Q), mean probable effect level quotient (mPEL-Q) and cumulative potential ecological risk (RI) indices were also calculated. Also, all statistical analyses of the obtained data were performed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the maximum mean contents of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in the soil samples with 26.4, 0.320, 17.3 and 22.2 mg/kg, respectively, were found to be in Kermanshah, Razan, Razan and Kermanshah sampling sites (i.e. the sites with high vehicle traffic), indicaing the effect of traffic volume. The mean EF values of Pb, Cr and Ni were higher than 1.50, showed that soil samples could be classified as 'moderate' to 'severe' category in the sampling sites with high traffic volume (i.e. Razan and Kermanshah) which represents the effect of traffic emmissions on the soil contamination, while for all the sampling sites the mean EF values for Cd indicated that soil samples could be classified as 'non-contaminated' or 'no enrichment' matrices. Also, the mean values of mERM-Q and mPEL-Q of analyzed elements indicated that the elemental probability toxicity of soil samples was 21%. On the other hand, the values of Er showed a 'low ecological risk' of all analyzed elements. Also, the average values of potential ecological risk factor increase in the following descending order: Cd > Ni > Pb > Cr. Besides, the average value of RI with 31.9 indicating that the analyzed elements in all the sampling sites were classified as 'low ecological risk'. Conclusion: Although the average values of RI were shown the acceptable soil quality in all the sampling sites, Cd with 82.4% of the mean values of RI showed significant potential to occurrence the ecological risk; therefore, therefore, source identification and especially source control of this toxic element with potentially adverse effects on humans and also environmental health is recommended.}, Keywords = {Soil contamination, Potential risk, Toxicity, Enrichment factor, Traffic}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {349-364}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.349}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-942-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-942-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Ghanbari, Sobhan and Fatehizadeh, Ali and Taheri, Ensiyeh}, title = {Investigating the Performance of Peroxymonosulfate to 4-Chlorophenol removal from Aqueous Solutions in the Presence of Manganese-containing Catalyst}, abstract ={background and objective: Advanced oxidation processes based on peroxymonosulfate (PMS) have shown significant potential for the degradation of hazardous organic pollutants in wastewater. Manganese compounds are considered as environmentally friendly and desirable catalysts for PMS activation. In this study, MnOOH catalyst was synthesized in laboratory and used as a PMS activator to remove 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), which is one of the most important derivatives of the chlorophenol family. Materials and Methods: effective operational parameters including MnOOH dose (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5 g/L), PMS dose (0.2, 1, 2, and 4 mmol), initial 4-chlorophenol concentration (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L) and the initial pH of the reaction solution (3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) on the 4-CP removal efficiency were studied. Also, the effect of coexisting anions (bromide (Brˉ) and phosphate (PO43ˉ)) and humic acid was studied in order to identify how the process works in different conditions. Finally, the catalyst reusability experiment was carried out in order to determine the stability and reusability of the MnOOH. Results: The results showed that the best performance of PMS/MnOOH process (4-chlorophenol degradation efficiency equal to 94.88%) is obtained in neutral pH conditions, PMS dose equal to 2 mmol and MnOOH dose equal to 0.3 g/L. in the presence of phosphate, the degradation efficiency of 4-chlorophenol in PMS/MnOOH was significantly decreased. Also, MnOOH showed acceptable stability in reusability tests. Conclusion: Advanced oxidation process of PMS/MnOOH as a powerful, sustainable and environmentally friendly system can be used in the treatment of wastewater containing phenolic compounds, especially 4-chlorophenol.}, Keywords = {4-Chlorophenol, Peroxymonosulfate, MnOOH}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {365-376}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.365}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-943-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-943-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Naghdi, Soudabe and Mirmohammadi, Mohsen and Karimzadegan, Hassan and Ghodusi, Jamal}, title = {Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling of Benzene, Toluene, Xylene, and Ethyl Benzene Output from the Automotive Industries and Determining Ozone Formation Potential (Case Study of Saipa)}, abstract ={automotive industries are one of the important sources of chemical pollutants in the air through the use of solvents in painting process. The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution of benzene, toluene, xylene and Etil benzene from the output of Saipa automotive industry and determining the ozone formation potential in the surrounding areas. Methods: In this study, after monthly sampling pollutants the concentrations of pollutants from Saipa plant chimneys using USEPA method31, during 2021, the distribution of pollutants was performed for annual period in Saipa and surrounding area using AERMOD and ozone formation potential was calculated using Carter 's way. Sampling pollutants in ambient environment was performed daily for validation and evaluation of the results of the model’s output Results:  result showed that the maximum BTEX concentration was 3631.76 µg/m3 in 515725.71 and 3953590.95 in Saipa campus and minimum one was in KHADIJE park located in north west of Saipa, validation result showed that in all pollutants FB and NMSE is lower than 0.5 and there is good correlation between ambient sampling pollutants and model results, maximum ozone formation potential was in Saipa campus while minimum OFP occurred in KHADIJEH park. Conclusion: BTEX compounds have an impact on the quality of air in the area around the Saipa auto group as well as the negative effects of health. The cumulative effects of different industries in the region can reduce air quality and possibly increase health risks in communities around the automotive group}, Keywords = {Automotive industry, air pollution, Aromatic hydrocarbon, tropospheric ozone}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {377-398}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.377}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-944-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-944-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Alizadeh, Soheila and Hashemi, Maji}, title = {Phytoremediation to Remove ethylbenzene from Contaminated Media}, abstract ={Background and Aim: Ethyl benzene is an environmental pollutant that is produced from various sources and can pollute water, soil, and air. There are several ways to clean this pollutant from the environment. Phytoremediation is a suitable method for removing environmental pollutants due to its environmentally friendly nature and cost-effectiveness. The present study is a review of previous studies on the phytoremediation of ethylbenzene in literature from Medline, Web of Science, ProQuest, Scopus, and PubMed databases. Methods: In the initial search, a total of 45 articles were found in the period 2009 to 2022, and in the first screening stage, the title and abstract of the articles were reviewed simultaneously, leaving 26 articles at the end of this stage. The full text of 8 articles was reviewed and 3 of them remained. Finally, out of 45 articles, 29 articles remained. After removing the duplicates, 12 related articles were registered. Our criteria for selecting articles was the use of a live plant to purify ethylbenzene from the environment by various phytoremediation methods. Findings and Conclusions: Studies showed that plants can remove ethyl benzene from various environments of water, air, and soil. Removal of airborne ethylbenzene through plant leaves is one of the most important phytoremediation applications of ethylbenzene. In phytoremediation, the effect of microorganisms on plants should not be ignored. They can increase phytoremediation efficiency; however, the use of some species may be ineffective or even hurt phytoremediation. In addition to bacteria, the effect of some fungi has also been observed in the absorption of ethylbenzene from the microcrystalline zone, which increases the plant's ability to absorb. Phytoremediation can be a good option to remove ethylbenzene pollution from the environment, especially the gaseous form of this pollutant in closed environments. Microorganisms can be used to help increase the efficiency of this method.}, Keywords = {Ethylbenzene, Phytoremediation, Air, Water, Soil}, volume = {9}, Number = {3}, pages = {399-416}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.3.399}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-945-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-945-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Amidnia, Mehdi and Cheraghi, Mahboubeh and Takdestan, Afshin and Kakavandi, Babak and Jalilzadehyengejeh, Rez}, title = {Investigating of the performance of persulfate activation process by magnetic activated carbon in the decomposition of benzotriazole in aqueous solution}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Recently, significant efforts have been performed for the removal of various emerging pollutants (EPs) from water sources. Among these EPs, benzotriazole has been widely identified in aquatic environments, which has harmful health and environmental effects, so it is necessary to apply various methods to remove it. Up to date, the use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as an efficient method for the degradation and mineralization of EPs pollutants from aqueous solutions has attracted so much attention. Therefore, in this research, the performance of the persulfate activation process using magnetic nanocatalyst iron oxide-activated carbon prepared from coconut shell for the removal of benzotriazole from aqueous solution, and also the effect of different parameters have been investigated. Materials and Method: This research is an experimental-laboratory study. The effect of various variables such as solution pH (2-10), catalyst dose (0.1-0.5 g/L), persulfate concentration (1-5 mM), and initial concentration of benzotriazole (10-50 mg/L) was investigated. The final concentration of benzotriazole was measured using a spectrometer. Also, the characteristics of the synthesized catalyst were investigated using numerous analyzes such as BET, FESEM, XRD, EDX and VSM, and Results: The results showed that the highest efficiency of the process for the removal of benzotriazole was attained at pH: 6, initial concentration: 10 mg/L, catalyst dosage: 0.5 g/L, persulfate concentration: 3 mM, and more than 80% of benzotriazole was removed. On the other hand, the results of catalyst characterization showed that the catalyst was perfectly synthesized and could be reused in five consecutive cycles. Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, this catalyst had a high performance for the removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solution.  }, Keywords = {Advanced oxidation, Benzotriazole, Persulfate, Coconut shell, Sulfate radical}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {417-430}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.417}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-936-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-936-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Maryam and SobhanArdakani, Soheil}, title = {Comparison of AHP and TOPSIS methods in municipal solid waste landfill site selection of Songhor County}, abstract ={Background and Objective: : Site selection is an important and necessary issue in waste management especially in fast-growing regions. Due to the landfill is a common solution for the final disposal of municipal solid waste in Iran, this study was carried out for MSW landfill site selection of Songhor Township by combining the geographic information systems (GIS), the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Materials and Methods: In the current research, ArcGIS 10.2 software and its extensions were used as the GIS tool since there is able to perform suitability analysis using multi-criteria evaluation. Also, to identify appropriate landfill areas in the Songhor Township, eleven criteria including slope, geology, hydrology, fault, drainages, distance from transportation routes and rails, distance from protected areas, land use, population areas, distance from groundwater resources and distance from urban areas were evaluated. Then a final map was generated which identified the suitability regions for MSW landfill sites establishment. Results: Based on the results obtained, 4.2% of the study area was most suitable, 33% was suitable, 17.8% was poorly suitable, and 45% was unsuitable for sanitary disposal of solid wastes of Songhor Township. Conclusion: Since the AHP has relative ease of handling multiple criteria, and on the other hand, has potential to easy understand and effective handling of both qualitative and quantitative parameters, therefore, use of AHP is suggested as an efficient method to prioritization of suitable areas for landfill site selection. In other words, the AHP is a powerful tool for solving complicated problems that may have interactions and correlations among multiple objectives.  }, Keywords = {Site selection, Municipal solid waste, GIS, AHP, TOPSIS}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {431-441}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.431}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-954-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-954-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Shahrezaie, Sayyed Ali and MirabbasiNajafAbadi, Rasoul and Shahrezaie, Nafiseh Sadat and Khosravi, Maryam}, title = {Investigating air pollution in metropolitan Isfahan metropolitan in 2021-2022 based on AQI index}, abstract ={  Background and Objective: Air pollution is one of the serious challenges that have been faced in recent years, especially in major cities around the world. Isfahan, as one of the metropolises of Iran, is no exception to this rule. This issue has become critical for Isfahan as a densely populated and industrial city. Materials and Methods: In this research, the data recorded at 17 air quality monitoring stations in Isfahan have been analyzed. The stations included Ahmadabad, Parvin, Rudaki, Ostandari, Kharazi, Rehnan, Kaveh, Feiz, Mirzataher, Jey, Misaq Stadium, Farshadi, Bahonar, Enghelab, Shahinshahr, Mobarakeh and Segzai. All the statistical analyzes in this research were related to the AQI air quality index and were performed using Excel software. Results: The results showed that among the 17 studied stations, Ahmadabad station did not have any clean and good days during the studied period (From April 21, 2021 to March 20, 2022) and compared to other stations, the highest number of days with the condition Unsanitary is recorded at this station. It also had the highest AQI in the fall compared to other stations. Therefore, Ahmadabad station is the most polluted area in terms of air quality. The results also showed that the highest number of good and clean days was recorded in Mobarakeh and Shahinshahr stations. These two stations had the lowest amount of AQI during the study period. Conclusion: The results of this study shows that areas such as Segzi and Mobarakeh, which are relatively industrial areas, have less pollution than the Ahmadabad area, which is a residential but with high traffic. Therefore, it can be concluded that the impact of pollution caused by cars in 2021-2022 was more than the pollution caused by industries.  }, Keywords = {Air pollution, Air quality index, Isfahan metropolitan, Air quality, AQI}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {442-456}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.442}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-935-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-935-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Ghanbari, Sobhan and Fatehizadeh, Ali and Hemami, ّّForouzan and Taheri, Ensiyeh}, title = {Investigating the effect of the simultaneous presence of bromide ions in the removal of dye from textile wastewater by the UV/Cl process}, abstract ={Background and Objective: UV and chlorination processes are widely used for wastewater and water disinfection. In recent years, they have been used integrative under the name of Advance oxidation process (AOP) method known as UV/chlorine process. In the UV/Cl process, Cl•, Cl2•−, and HO• radicals are produced during the process and are able to remove hard degradable pollutants. In this study, the effect of the simultaneous presence of bromide in the application of UV/Cl process to dye removal from textile wastewater and synthetic wastewater containing Direct Red 83:1 (DR83:1) is studied and investigated. Materials and Methods: The wastewater used in this study was prepared from one of the textile units of Isfahan province. Operating parameters affecting the process including chlorine dose (0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mmol), bromide dose (0.25, 1, 1.25 and 1.5 mmol) and Different initial pH values of textile industry wastewater (3, 5, 7, 8.3, and 11) were investigated to determine the optimal values of the process for dye removal. Also, the effect of the presence of bromide in the UV/Cl process in the degradation of DR83:1 from synthetic wastewater at different pH has been investigated (3, 5, 7, 9 and 11). Results: Based on the experiments, the results showed that in both wastewaters, the UV/Cl/Br process performs better in dye removal than the UV/Cl process. The most favorable performance of the UV/Cl/Br process for dye degradation from textile wastewater was achieved under the conditions of bromide dose equal to 1.25 mmol, chlorine dose equal to 1.5 mmol and the actual initial pH of the wastewater equal to 8.3 (dye removal efficiency equal to 92.04 %). The optimal performance of the UV/Cl/Br process in the degradation of DR83:1 from synthetic wastewater was obtained under the conditions of bromide dose of 5 mmol, chlorine dose of 0.1 mmol and pH of 3. The pH parameter was investigated in both wastewaters and the results showed that the optimal performance of the UV/Cl/Br process to remove dye from textile wastewater occurs in alkaline pHs, while the performance of the UV/Cl process to remove DR83:1 from synthetic wastewater in Acidic pHs is more favorable. The effect of different dosages of key parameters revealed that by increasing the dosage of bromine and chlorine, the performance of the system in dye removal efficiency does not improve. Conclusion: The UV/Cl advanced oxidation process has a high potential to remove dye from wastewater, and the presence of bromide ion increases the efficiency of this system, which can be used as a stable and capable system in dye treatment from textile industry wastewater}, Keywords = {Ultraviolet radiation, chlorine, bromide, textile wastewater, Direct Red 83:1}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {457-469}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.457}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-929-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-929-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Tayebi, Lima and SobhanArdakani, Soheil and Jafari, Seyed Mil}, title = {Analysis of As, Pb and Cu contents in muscle tissue of Oncorhynchus mykiss and Barbus barbus caughted from Sirvan River, Kurdistan, Iran}, abstract ={Background and Objective: The presence of heavy metals in the environment and especially bioaccumulatioin of these compounds in tissues of aquatic organisms could constitute be a hazard to food security and public health. Therefore, this study was conducted to analysis of As, Pb and Cu contents in muscle tissue of Oncorhynchus mykiss and Barbus barbus captured from the Sirvan River, Kurdistan in 2019. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 30 fish samples were collected randomizelly from five sampling stations along the Sirvan River. After samples preparation, As, Pb and Cu concentrations were determined using ICP–OES. Also, all statistical analyses of the obtained data were performed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the mean concentrations of As, Pb and Cu (µg/g, wet weight) in muscle tissue of Oncorhynchus mykiss were 0.022, 0.034, and 0.078, respectively, while in muscle tissue of Barbus barbus were found to be 0.018, 0.012 and 0.042, respectively. Also, the mean contents of all the analyzed elements were lower than maximum permissible concentration (MPC) established by FAO/WHO, ATSDR, FDA and EU. Conclusion: Although at the time of this research the contribution to the total body burden of the analyzed elements can be considered as negligibly small, mismanagement of land uses around the Sirvan River could lead to the entry of several kinds of pollutants such as pesticides and potentially toxic elements into the water body. Consequently, adverse health effects could be occured for local consumers through ingestion of fishes with high accumulated heavy metals in their tissues.}, Keywords = {Oncorhynchus mykiss, Barbus barbus, Heavy metals, Food Security, Sirvan River}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {470-484}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.470}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-937-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-937-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Makhfi, Golnar and Karimi, Akram and Solgi, Eisa and Bagherpor, Sahar}, title = {Evaluation and determination of the ecological risk of lead, zinc and cadmium in the atmospheric dust of Isfahan city}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Dust is one of the most important sources of heavy metals in the environment. Heavy metals can be dispersion on a large scale by binding to dust particles. This study aimed to evaluate and measure the pollution of heavy metals in subsidence dust of Sajzi plain in Isfahan.That now is the most important source of dust in Isfahan city. Materials and Methods: After collecting samples for three seasons, this study determined the amount of lead, zinc, and cadmium, and then pollution indicators were assessed, such as accumulation index and contamination degree, etc Results: The contamination degree showed that cadmium and lead were in a very low degree of contamination and zinc was in a low degree of contamination. Also, the ecological risk index was a low-risk range for cadmium, lead, and copper. The environmental risk for the three elements was less than 150, which showed low-risk potential. Conclusion: According to the distribution of pollution, it can be concluded that the pollution slope for the zinc and lead element was from northeast to southwest. The distribution of contaminated cadmium was different in three seasons. Stations 2 and 4 had the highest average pollution for the zinc element. Also, station 4 for the lead element showed the highest average pollution  }, Keywords = {Air pollution, Heavy metals, Atmospheric dost, Isfahan}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {485-501}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.485}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-931-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-931-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Cheraghi, Mehrdad and SobhanArdakani, Soheil and ParviziMosaed, Hassan and Zandipak, Raziyeh and Lorestani, Bahareh}, title = {A comparative study on the efficiency of brick kiln ash, thermal power plant Ash and commercial activated carbon for COD removal from domestic wastewater}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Since use of domestic wastewater contain organic pollutants for irrigation of agricultural farms will lead to be adverse health effects, this study was conducted to compare the efficiency of brick kiln ash, thermal power plant ash and also commercial activated carbon for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from domestic wastewater. Materials and Methods: In order to removal of COD from domestic wastewater by studied adsorbents, under optimal conditions the effects of pH, amount of adsorbent, contact time and  agitation speed were evaluated. Also, equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir (L) and Freundlich (F) isotherm models. Results: The results showed that the removal efficiency was increased by increasing in adsorbent dose, contact time and agitation speed. The optimum pH for COD removal was 7. Also, the results indicated that, the adsorption isotherm was well fitted by the Langmuir model with R2 = 0.997, 0.996 and 0.993 for commercial activated carbon, thermal power plant ash and brick kiln ash, respectively. Moreover, maximum adsorption capacity of COD for commercial activated carbon, thermal power plant ash and brick kiln ash were obtained 83.0, 28.6 and 14.9 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, the commercial activated carbon found to be as an effective adsorbent for removal of COD from domestic wastewater compared to thermal power plant ash and brick kiln ash, but due to low cost of them, thermal power plant ash and also brick kiln ash could be used for removal of COD from wastewater.}, Keywords = {Brick kiln ash, Thermal power plant ash, Commercial activated carbon, Chemical oxygen demand, Domestic wastewater}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {502-512}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.502}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-951-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-951-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Yazdanfar, Mahboubeh and SobhanArdakani, Soheil and Tayebi, Lim}, title = {Assessment of metal (Fe, Pb and Cd) pollution of surface runoff of the high traffic intensity regions in city of Malayer, Iran}, abstract ={  Background and Objective: Nowadays, increases in the extent of impervious surfaces in urban areas causes contributed to flooding and runoff contamination. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess Fe, Pb and Cd concentrations in surface runoff samples collected from regions with high traffic intensity in city of Malayer, west of Iran. Materials and Methods: In the current study, a total of 15 surface runoff samples were collected from five selected stations. The samples were filtered (0.45 μm), stored in polyethylene bottles and were acidified at a pH lower than 2 by adding concentrated HNO3 in order to avoid metal adsorption onto the inner bottle walls. Element (Fe, Pb and Cd) concentrations were determined using ICP-OES (710-ES, Varian). All statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 20.0 Results: The results showed that the mean concentrations of Fe, Pb and Cd in runoff samples were 0.220, 0.320 and 0.150 µg/l, respectively. Comparing the mean concentrations of analyzed elements with maximum permissible concentration (MPC) established by WHO and Iran DOE indicated that the mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were found to be higher than WHO permissible limits. On the other hand, the mean concentration of Cd was higher than Iran DOE permissible limits. Conclusion: The results indicated that surface runoff from regions with high traffic intensity in city of Malayer were polluted with Pb and Cd, which could be threaten the surface water resources and health of citizens. Therefore, periodic monitoring and consequently treatment of runoff from rainfall before entering to surface water resources is recommended.}, Keywords = {Surface runoff, Potentially toxic elements, Atomic emission spectrometry, Traffic intensity, Malayer}, volume = {9}, Number = {4}, pages = {513-524}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.61186/jehe.9.4.513}, url = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-947-en.html}, eprint = {http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-947-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Health Engineering}, issn = {2383-3211}, eissn = {2588-4239}, year = {2022} }