2024-03-29T02:43:55+03:30
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=22&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
22-608
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Evaluation of Work Exposure in car Painters with Isocyanides Compounds
Fatemeh
zarei
Mozghan
ardestani
Mahmod
asgarianzadeh
Azar
mousavifard
Introduction: Isocyanate Compounds NCO groups react easy with biological molecules & considered to be a powerful respiratory irritant and major cause of asthma, bronchitis chemical. Studies /investigations have shown that the risk of death from lung cancer is spreading among car painters. This study aimed to identify amount of worker with Physical contact on reduction of this contaminant in the work places produces isocyanates are about 3 million tons annually and 280000 workers are in contact with it in America. Extensive researches on the 57000 of Painter are shown that the risk of death from lung cancer is very high among workers of painter. Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) have used as the most important industrial intermediates in industry. The purpose of epidemiological studies of isocyanate compounds is appointment occupational exposure of workers. In order to reduce these pollutants in the workplace, the employers must know the safety rules and use effectively controls. The purpose of performance of this project is survey impact of control on reducing the amount of isocyanate in air of workplace.
Method: 10%of car painters were selected in Karaj city, and then 58 air samples were collected by using standard methods. Analysis of samples was performed by HPLC with niosh 5522 method. Statistical analysis was analysis by SPSS software.
Result: Average of age, work history and work history with pain, in a sequence were 36.8, 18.25, 16.65.35.5% was smokers.63.8% of workshop had industrial ventilation. The Pollutant concentration average MDI, TDI was 7.9 mg/m3 and 1.05 that the highest concentration was related to No 9. Between smoking and respiratory problem among workers significant relations were found (p<0.002). In statistical analysis correlation coefficient (0.5) was observed between the temperature factor and increase HDI concentration pollutant concentration is significant between groups, where as it is not the same inside groups.
Conclusion: This is correlation between workshop temperature & amount of pollutants and it increase at the end of the shift. Most of the samples had more concentration then standard. High concentration of pollutants, lack of ventilation system in 36% of the workshops & and smoking in the 35.5% of workers could increase diseases related to compounds isocyanate in future.
Isocyanate
Occupational exposure
Car Painters
Air sampling
2019
3
01
125
132
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-608-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.125
22-609
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Efficiency Assesment of Chitosan Graphene Oxide Composite in Aniline Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Fatemeh
Azadbakht
Roshanak
kalantar
Ali
esrafili
Samira
Shojaeyan
Mojtaba
yegane Badi
Mitra
Gholami
Background: Aniline is a toxic compound characterized by high solubility in water (3.5 percent;
35000 mg/l) leading to increased presence risk of aniline in wastewater. The presence of this
compound in the blood causes the formation of met hemoglobin and prevent oxygen uptake and
plays a key role in chemical asphyxiation, moreover, it has been thought as a carcinogenic risk factor
to humans. Therefore, this study aims to synthesizes chitosan graphene oxide and determine the
usefulness of using this absorbent to remove aniline from aqueous solutions.
Methods: Chitosan Graphene Oxide (CGO) which was prepared from graphite powder by adapting
the procedure used by Hummer, doped with chitosan and the characterization of CGO were
determined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
(FTIR) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD). To optimize the conditions, parameters including
adsorbent dosage (g / L 0/2, 0/4, 0/6, 0/8, 1, 1/25,1/5), pH (2, 4, 6, 8, 10), contact time (5, 15, 30,
45, 60, 90, 120 min) and aniline concentrations (mg/L 50, 100, 150, 200, 300) were evaluated in a total
of 126 tests. Finally Chitosan Graphene Oxide was used for aniline removal from aqueous solutions.
Results: The results of present study showed that with increase in contact time and absorbent dosage
and with decrease in aniline concentration, removal efficiency tend to increase. PH=6, time=30min,
absorbent dose=1 g/l and concentration of aniline=50 mg/l were obtained as optimum conditions.
Under optimum condition (pH=6, time=30min, absorbent dose=1 g/l and concentration of
aniline=50 mg/l) the highest efficiency of aniline removal is %93.14. The adsorption isotherm showed
that absorption process correlates well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R2>0.9996). Reaction
kinetics complies with Pseudo-second order model with correlation coefficient of (R2=0.9799). In the
study of thermodynamics, negative values of ΔH0 and ΔG0 respectively illustrate that reactions are
exothermic and spontaneous.
Conclusion: chitosan graphene oxide composite has the ability to remove aniline effectively from
aqueous solutions. And also it can be used as an efficient adsorbent for related aqueous solutions.
Adsorption
Aniline
Chitosan graphene oxide
2019
3
01
133
148
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-609-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.133
22-610
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Optimization of US-Electropersulfate Process for Leachate Treatment by Response Surface Methodology
Majid
Kermani
Samira
Ahmadi
Zahra
Shahbazi
Roghayeh
Bahadori
Zhila
Ghavami
Jamal
Mehralipour
Introduction: Chemical Oxidation Demand (COD) is an important parameter in treatment of
leachate. Leachate from solid waste has a high pollutants that must be treatment before discharge to
environment. The aim of this study was optimization of US-Electro/persulfate process, predicate of
optimum conditions by RSM for landfill leachate treatment.
Methods and materials: In this experimental study used to sonochemical-reactor with one liter
volume that equipped with 40 KHz and two Iron electrodes as an anode and two Copper electrodes
as a cathode that connected to direct current supply source. In final step of study pH (2-4), S2O82- (1-
2gr/L), direct electrical current (1/5-3 A) and reaction time parameters as an independent parameters
were studied. In optimum condition, corrosion of the electrodes in anode and energy consumption
were measured. Sludge properties before and after the process were analyzed by SEM / EDAX and
FT-IR spectroscopy.
Results: By using this software (design Expert), the optimum condition was done at PH=3/41, S2O82-
dose=1.2 gr, current density=2/41 A, and reaction time were 70 min. In this condition the efficiency
of COD removal was 75 %. The R-squared and Adj R-squared process is 0/78 and 0/88 respectively.
The electrodes corrosion in optimum condition were 0.77 gr and energy consumption was 9/23
KW/kg COD. The results of analysis indicate that change in sludge during the process happened and
elements structure in leachate has observed, the most obvious oxygen and iron increase in sludge after
the process.
Conclusion: The US-Electro/persulfate has a good efficiency in COD removal and with this model
can be tested with a few run and high accuracy to optimize the process.
Optimization
US-EPS
Leachate treatment
Landfill
Response surface methodology
2019
3
01
149
164
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-610-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.149
22-611
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Assessment the Optimal Strategies for Municipal Solid Waste Recycling and Recovery Process with the Analysis of SWOT and QSPM in Ardabil
Azar
ashrafifard
Morteza
Alighadri
Kourosh
Rahmani
Background and Objectives: Environmental pollution from waste is one of the main problems of
municipal waste management. Since evaluation of the recycling and recovery process is one of the
most important stages in municipal waste management, this study aimed to determine the optimal
strategies for recycling and recycling Ardabil municipal waste by SWOT analysis and QSPM matrix in
2017.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, basic information was obtained through library studies
and review of texts, observations, field visits, specialized interviews, and completion of a questionnaire
from 80 experts in this field. Finally, was used analytical method SWOT and QSPM Matrix.
Results: The final score of the internal factors 2.03 and the external factors were 3.05. According to
the IE matrix, the current status of the process was located in the WO status. In the QSPM matrix,
among strategies based on the charm score, the option of supporting recycling capabilities
(composting, extracting energy, producing quality products), and recovery waste for the construction
of related factories and the creation of a job market for unemployed youth proportional to The
conditions of the status with a score of 11.57 were introduced as the first priority.
Conclusion: Considering the current status of Ardabil municipal waste recycling and recycling
process, which is in accordance with the IE matrix in the region of change, it is necessary to take
advantage of opportunities in order to compensate for the weaknesses of the process.
Waste Management
Recycling
Recovery
SWOT
QSPM
Ardabil
2019
3
01
165
174
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-611-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.165
22-612
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Removal of High Concentrations of Sulfate from Wastewater: Evaluating Different Methods and Proposing the Best Option
Leila
Davarpanah
Soma
Taherian
Elham
Abdollahzadeh Sharghi
Background: Industrial wastewaters containing high amounts of compounds such as sulfate can
cause serious risks to human health and environment. Therefore, proposing practical solutions with
the lowest cost and the highest efficiency for pollutants removal is of special importance. The purpose
of this study is to find a suitable method for treatment wastewater containing very high amounts of
sulfate.
Materials and Methods: This research is an experimental-research study in which four different
practical methods have been investigated for treatment of sulfate containing wastewater including
chemical precipitation with lime, electrocoagulation, biological degradation and thermal distillation.
Results: After examining the performance of different methods and considering the special
characteristics of wastewater, the results showed that the methods of chemical precipitation (removal
efficiency of 5%) and electrocoagulation (removal efficiency of 7%) were less efficient. The distillation
process also showed an acceptable performance in removing TDS and sulfate from this wastewater
(removal efficiency of 98.7%) and the biological method could function well after wastewater dilution
(the removal percentage of sulfate in the first 24 hours for wastewater with dilutions of 10, 25 and
50%, are about 55, 40 and 17%, respectively).
Conclusions: According to the results obtained from this study, methods of chemical precipitation
and electrocoagulation are proposed only as a pre-treatment method and biological treatment can be
used as a supplementary treatment after pre-treatment. Distillation is also not recommended as a
practical method due to high cost and energy consumption.
Sulfate removal
Wastewater
Chemical precipitation
Electrocoagulation
Biological reduction
Distillation
2019
3
01
175
186
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-612-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.175
22-613
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Evaluation of Heavy Metals Concentration and Its Consumption Risk in Trout Fish (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)
Hadi
Tahsini
Maryam
Alizadeh
Hoshyar
gavilian
Background: Nowadays, the pollution of aquatic ecosystems caused by entry of heavy metals is an
issue that makes it essential to check the wholesome of the aquatic animals that are consumed by
human. When these metals enter the canvas of aquatic organisms, cause tension due to bioavailability,
and their toxicity leads to teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects in living organisms
Methods: Thirty rainbow trout were prepared from each fishing farm pond which are located in
Sanandaj (Nanale Village) and Kamyaran (Diwaznaw Village). Then, samples were prepared using acid
digestion method in the laboratory and the concentration of these metals was measured using atomic
absorption spectrometer (Phonix 986). The achieved data were analyzed using SPSS software..
Results: The average concentration of the copper in liver and muscle tissues was 1. 53 and 0.15, for
magnesium 3.7 and 7.57, for iron 0.28 and 0.6, for zinc 4.52 and 1.05, and for Nickel was 0.04 and
0.03 micro grams per a gram of fresh weight. The maximum daily consumption allowance was 888.7
grams for adults and 177.77 for children
Conclusion: The average concentration of copper, iron, zinc, nickel and magnesium in muscle tissue
of rainbow trout compared to international standards, is slightly lower than that at current
consumption rates, long-term health risks to consumers is realized.
Heavy metals
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
With length
Fish farming ponds
Risk assessment of consumption
2019
3
01
187
196
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-613-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.187
22-614
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Passive Sampling of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Toluene, Xylene and Ethylbenzene Using Activated Carbon Fabric in Ambient Air of Tehran
Razieh
Salehi
Fatemeh
Dadashian
Mohammad
Abedi
Background & Objectives: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems in
large cities. Aromatic hydrocarbons as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been listed in
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) by Environmental Protection Agencies (EPA). The aim of this
study is Passive sampling and determination of aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) toluene, xylene and
ethylbenzene using activated carbon fabric in ambient air of Tehran
Methods: Activated carbon fabric (ACF) was used as adsorbent for adsorption of aromatic
hydrocarbons. The chemical specifications of activated carbon fabric such as specific surface area and
pores volume were determined by nitrogen adsorption isotherm (BET method), the microscopic
images by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface functional groups by X-ray Photoelectron
Spectroscopy (XPS). Air sampling was achieved by passive samplers equipped with activated carbon
fabric in cylindrical holders at 8 different stations of Tehran. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry
(GC-MS) was used for determination of Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene after extraction in
CH2Cl2.
Results: The results showed activated carbon fabric is an efficient adsorbent for passive sampling of
aromatic hydrocarbons and at different stations the concentrations of Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and
Xylenes were determined. The results indicated that Javadiyeh station (Region 17) and Imam
Khomeini station (Region 10) were polluted than other stations, whereas at Chitgar station (Region
22), Sattari station (Region 5) and Tehran pars station (Region 8) had lower concentrations of AHs.
The good correlation between carbon monoxide and aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations in each
sampling station showed they have similar source of emission (cars). The concentration of these
pollutants is influenced by topography, wind direction and speed and the number of car passing
through different stations.
Conclusion: As the concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air are low using AFC in
passive sampler is an efficient method for sampling and adsorption of AHs and then their
determination. For this purpose it is necessary to exist special functional groups and especially oxygen
containing fuctional groups on the surface of carbon fabric.
Passive sampling
Activated carbon fabric
Aromatic hydrocarbons
Toluene and Xylene
2019
3
01
197
212
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-614-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.197
22-615
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Environmental Health Enginering
jehe
2383-3211
2588-4239
10.61186/jehe
2019
6
2
Monitoring of Heavy Metals Contamination (Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu) in Sediments of Balkhlou River of Ardebil by Implication of Sediment pollution Indices
Maryam
Shaddel
Samar
Mortazavi
Lima
Tayebi
Behnaz
Raheli namin
Background: Water contamination of heavy metals is one of the major threats to human health and
food chain. In this study, concentration of heavy metals of lead, chromium, copper and zinc in
sediment was measured in order to assess their ecological effects and their risk.
Methods: To determine the concentration of metals, 12 stations were selected along the river and 3
samples from the sediment were taken in each station. After the preparation and acid digestion of the
samples, the concentration of these metals was determined using atomic absorption device.
Results: The average total concentration of lead, copper, chromium and zinc metals in sediments was
obtained in mg / kg (22.24±8.08). The results showed that the pollution load and ecological risk of
heavy metals in the area are in lower risk category. The environmental hazard of metals was also
evaluated (zinc lead). Also, by calculating the geochemical index of molars and
contamination coefficient of Balkhloo sediments, the pollution of heavy metals was classified with
zero degree of contamination and in non-contaminated area.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the contamination and the ecological risk level of metals in the
sediments of the region are evaluated at a low level.
Heavy metals
ecological risk assessment
sediment quality index
Balkhloo
2019
3
01
213
226
http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-615-en.pdf
10.29252/jehe.6.2.213