Volume 11, Issue 4 (8-2024)
J Environ Health Eng 2024, 11(4): 394-405 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Nadimi H, Alahabadi A, Zarei A, Riahimanesh F, Salari M. Investigating the indicators of corrosiveness and sedimentation of drinking water in the villages of East Kakhk. J Environ Health Eng 2024; 11 (4) :394-405
URL: http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1067-en.html
URL: http://jehe.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1067-en.html
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
Abstract: (691 Views)
Background: This study investigated the corrosive and scaling potential of drinking water in the rural areas of eastern Kakhk, southern Khorasan Razavi, Iran. Corrosion and scaling are critical issues that lead to the deterioration of water distribution infrastructure and decreased water quality. The analysis was conducted using indices such as the Langelier Saturation Index (LSI), Ryznar Stability Index (RSI), Puckorius Scaling Index (PSI), Larson-Skold Index (LS), and the Aggressiveness Index (AI).
Materials and Methods: A total of 32 water samples were collected from 16 locations, including one city and 15 rural regions. Samples were drawn from springs, qanats, and distribution systems. Key physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, and concentrations of calcium and magnesium were measured. Each sample was analyzed twice in accordance with APHA standards, and corrosion and scaling indices were calculated.
Results: The LSI revealed that 100% of the samples had a tendency to form scale, while the RSI indicated that 68.75% were corrosive. Over 80% of the samples were confirmed to be corrosive by the Larson-Skold and Aggressiveness indices. However, the Puckorius Index showed that 62.5% of the samples were in a balanced state, without a strong inclination towards either corrosion or scaling.
Conclusion: These results emphasize the need for continuous monitoring of water quality and the adoption of preventive measures to mitigate corrosion and scaling in rural water systems. The findings provide important insights for decision-makers to develop strategies aimed at preserving water infrastructure and ensuring long-term sustainability.
Materials and Methods: A total of 32 water samples were collected from 16 locations, including one city and 15 rural regions. Samples were drawn from springs, qanats, and distribution systems. Key physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, and concentrations of calcium and magnesium were measured. Each sample was analyzed twice in accordance with APHA standards, and corrosion and scaling indices were calculated.
Results: The LSI revealed that 100% of the samples had a tendency to form scale, while the RSI indicated that 68.75% were corrosive. Over 80% of the samples were confirmed to be corrosive by the Larson-Skold and Aggressiveness indices. However, the Puckorius Index showed that 62.5% of the samples were in a balanced state, without a strong inclination towards either corrosion or scaling.
Conclusion: These results emphasize the need for continuous monitoring of water quality and the adoption of preventive measures to mitigate corrosion and scaling in rural water systems. The findings provide important insights for decision-makers to develop strategies aimed at preserving water infrastructure and ensuring long-term sustainability.
Keywords: water corrosion, water scaling, Langelier Saturation Index, rural drinking water, groundwater quality
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/09/16 | Accepted: 2024/10/13 | Published: 2024/11/13
Received: 2024/09/16 | Accepted: 2024/10/13 | Published: 2024/11/13
References
1. Adimalla N, Qian H. Groundwater quality evaluation using water quality index (WQI) for drinking purposes and human health risk (HHR) assessment in an agricultural region of Nanganur, south India. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2019;176: 153-61. [DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.066]
2. Allaoua N, Hafid H, Chenchouni H. Exploring groundwater quality in semi-arid areas of Algeria: Impacts on potable water supply and agricultural sustainability. Journal of Arid Land 2024;16(2): 147-67. [DOI:10.1007/s40333-024-0004-4]
3. Gholizadeh A, Mokhtari M, Naimi N, et al. Assessment of corrosion and scaling potential in groundwater resources; a case study of Yazd-Ardakan Plain, Iran. Groundwater for Sustainable Development 2017;5: 59-65. [DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2017.04.002]
4. Arkoç O. Assessment of scaling properties of groundwater with elevated sulfate concentration: a case study from Ergene Basin, Turkey. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2013;6: 4377-85. [DOI:10.1007/s12517-012-0704-5]
5. Tyagi S, Sarma K. Qualitative assessment, geochemical characterization and corrosion-scaling potential of groundwater resources in Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Groundwater for sustainable development 2020;10: 100370. [DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100370]
6. Rezaei Kalantari R, Yari AR, Ahmadi E, et al. Survey of corrosion and scaling potential in drinking water resources of the villages in Qom province by use of four stability indexes (With Quantitative and qualitative analysis. Archives of Hygiene Sciences 2013;2(4): 127-34.
7. Pietrucha-Urbanik K, Skowrońska D, Papciak D. Assessment of corrosion properties of selected mineral waters. Coatings 2020;10(6): 571. [DOI:10.3390/coatings10060571]
8. Dargahi A, Amirian F, Naderi M, et al. Assessment of Scale Formation and Corrosion of Drinking Water Supplies in Dehloran (Iran) in 2014. Journal of Environmental Health Engineering 2017;4(2): 93-103 [In Persian ]. [DOI:10.18869/acadpub.jehe.4.2.93]
9. Malakootian M, Mobini M, Sharife I, Haghighi fard A. Evaluation of Corrosion and Scaling Potential of Wells Drinking Water and Aqueducts in Rural Areas Adjacent to Rafsanjan Fault in During October to December 2013. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 2014;13(3): 293-304 [In Persian ].
10. Qasemi M, Darvishian M, Nadimi H, et al. Characteristics, water quality index and human health risk from nitrate and fluoride in Kakhk city and its rural areas, Iran. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2023;115: 104870. [DOI:10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104870]
11. Rice EW, Bridgewater L, Association APH. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater: American public health association Washington, DC; 2012.
12. Mirzabeygi M, Naji M, Yousefi N, et al. Evaluation of corrosion and scaling tendency indices in water distribution system: a case study of Torbat Heydariye, Iran. Desalination and Water Treatment 2016;57(54): 25918-26. [DOI:10.1080/19443994.2016.1162206]
13. Davoudi M, Skandari Torbaghan A, Barjasteh Askar Fi, et al. The investigation of chemical quality and stability indices of drinking water in rural areas of Taybad City in 2015-16. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences 2016;4(2): 4-13 [In Persian ].
14. Mirzabeygi M, Yousefi N, Abbasnia A, et al. Evaluation of groundwater quality and assessment of scaling potential and corrosiveness of water supply networks, Iran. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-AQUA 2017;66(6): 416-25. [DOI:10.2166/aqua.2017.128]
15. Din IU, Muhammad S, ur Rehman I. Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Hangu District, Pakistan. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2023;115: 104919. [DOI:10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104919]
16. Fayydh AM, Zaidan TA, Al-Heety EA. Evaluation of groundwater quality in al-waffa and kubaysa areas using multivariate statistical analysis, Al-anbar, Western Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal 2020: 107-27. [DOI:10.46717/igj.53.2D.8Ms-2020.10-30]
17. Aydin H, Ustaoğlu F, Tepe Y, Soylu EN. Assessment of water quality of streams in northeast Turkey by water quality index and multiple statistical methods. Environmental forensics 2021;22(1-2): 270-87. [DOI:10.1080/15275922.2020.1836074]
18. Porsan ZP, Zarei A, Alimohammadi M. Evaluation of corrosion and scaling potential of drinking groundwater in Gonbad-e Kavus. Desalination and Water Treatment 2020;195: 19-25. [DOI:10.5004/dwt.2020.25895]
19. Bolaji T, Olumayede E, Ojo A. Evaluation of corrosion and scaling potentials of oilfield waters in an offshore producing facility, Niger Delta. Water Science and Technology 2022;85(12): 3493-509. [DOI:10.2166/wst.2022.182]
20. Kumar S, Singh R, Maurya N. Assessment of corrosion potential based on water quality index in the distribution network of urban Patna, Bihar, India. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 2022;21(5): 2117-27. [DOI:10.46488/NEPT.2022.v21i05.008]
21. Mankikar TY. Comparison of indices for scaling and corrosion tendency of groundwater: Case study of unconfined aquifer from Mahoba District, UP State. Applied Water Science 2021;11(6): 94. [DOI:10.1007/s13201-021-01423-3]
22. Ravindiran G, Janardhan G, Rajamanickam S, et al. Study on hydrogeochemical assessment, groundwater quality index for drinking, seawater mixing index and human health risk assessment of nitrate and fluoride. Groundwater for Sustainable Development 2024;25: 101161. [DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101161]
23. Shams M, Mohamadi A, Sajadi SA. Evaluation of corrosion and scaling potential of water in rural water supply distribution networks of Tabas, Iran. World Appl Sci J 2012;17(11): 1484-89.
24. Rukavishnikov VS, Efimova NV, Savchenkov MF, et al. Quality of drinking water and risk to the health of the population of the south Baikal region (Russia). Emerging Contaminants 2024;10(2): 100300. [DOI:10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100300]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
